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Dynamics of Potassium and Their Bioavailability for Plant Nutrition

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Potassium Solubilizing Microorganisms for Sustainable Agriculture

Abstract

Many physical, chemical, and mineralogical factors govern the release of K from micas by cation exchange reaction and dissolution processes. Mainly in Indian agricultural conditions, most of the farmers use only nitrogen and phosphorus and do not use the potassic fertilizer due to unawareness that the problem of K deficiency occurs in soils and it is reported that ~72 % of soils need immediate K fertilization for good crop production. The efficient soil microorganisms influence the availability of minerals in soil and play a major role in ion cycling and soil fertility. A number of microorganisms such as bacteria (Bacillus mucilaginosus, B. edaphicus, B. circulans, B. cereus, B. subtilis, B. coagulans, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. megaterium, Enterobacter hormaechei, Flectobacillus spp., Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Paenibacillus spp.), fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, and A. terreus), and yeast (Torulaspora globosa) solubilize the insoluble K to soluble forms of K for plant uptake. The main mechanisms of KSMs are acidolysis, chelation, exchange reactions, complexolysis, and production of organic acids. Therefore, the efficient KSMs should be applied for solubilization of unavailable form of K to an available form of K that is taken up by the plant for their growth and development. Therefore, our aim is to elaborate on the studies of native K-solubilizing microbes to develop efficient microbial consortium and their uses as biofertilizers or a biocontrol agent, which helps to enhance the K availability in agricultural soils and increase crop production and environmental and agricultural sustainability.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Regional Research Station, Punjab Agricultural University, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India

    Brijesh Kumar Yadav & Ajaib Singh Sidhu

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  1. Brijesh Kumar Yadav
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  2. Ajaib Singh Sidhu
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Correspondence to Brijesh Kumar Yadav .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Crop Production Division, ICAR – Vivekananda Instit of Hill Agri, Almora, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Vijay Singh Meena

  2. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Bihari Ram Maurya

  3. Instit of Envir and Sustainable Develop, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Jay Prakash Verma

  4. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Swaroop Meena

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Yadav, B.K., Sidhu, A.S. (2016). Dynamics of Potassium and Their Bioavailability for Plant Nutrition. In: Meena, V., Maurya, B., Verma, J., Meena, R. (eds) Potassium Solubilizing Microorganisms for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2776-2_14

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