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Extraction of DNA from the Phyllosphere

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Nucleic Acids in the Environment

Part of the book series: Springer Lab Manuals ((SLM))

Abstract

The phyllosphere represents the largest surface area of any terrestrial habitat and is colonized by a diverse and specialized community of microorganisms which include epiphytes, saprophytes and phytopathogens (Andrews and Hirano 1991). This specialization has been reflected in studies which distinguish leaf isolates from soil or rhizosphere bacteria of the same genus (Thompson et al. 1993a). The phyllosphere is highly variable both within and between plant species where the diversity of microflora can be enhanced by non-resident colonisers dispersed by wind and rain and via animal faeces. To survive this harsh environment, leaf colonisers have to respond rapidly to extremes of temperature, humidity, ultraviolet irradiation and nutrient concentrations which fluctuate over short periods of time (O’Brian and Lindow 1988). The ability of bacteria to exhibit a broad range of phenotypes (phenotypic plasticity) by the habitat dependent expression of a subset of genes has been proposed as an important survival mechanism for bacteria in highly variable environments such as the leaf (Lindow 1993). Despite studies which describe microbial diversity and population succession in maturing plants, the microbiology of the leaf remains poorly understood. Of the common residents, pseudomonads have been best studied. Detailed investigations by extraction and plate count enumeration demonstrate that pseudomonads and other epiphytes exhibit diurnal fluctuations in population densities and a log-normal distribution in this habitat (Hirano and Upper 1989).

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Authors
  1. M. J. Bailey
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph Lab. Microbial Techniques, N1G 2W1, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

    Jack T. Trevors

  2. DLO-Institute for Soil Fertility Research c/o IPO-DLO, Binnenhaven 12, P.O. Box 9060, 6700 GW, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    J. Dick van Elsas

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© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Bailey, M.J. (1995). Extraction of DNA from the Phyllosphere. In: Trevors, J.T., van Elsas, J.D. (eds) Nucleic Acids in the Environment. Springer Lab Manuals. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79050-8_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79050-8_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-58069-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-79050-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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