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Forcing the Ocean by Heat and Freshwater Fluxes

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Energy and Water Cycles in the Climate System

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASII,volume 5))

Abstract

The fluxes of momentum, energy, and water through the sea surface constitute the principal coupling between ocean and atmosphere. The momentum flux (wind stress) is a main driving force for oceanic motions, in particular for currents near the surface, along continental margins and in the main thermocline, whereas the fluxes of heat and freshwater drive the slower thermohaline component of the oceanic circulation.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Meereskunde an der Universität Kiel, D-2300, Kiel 1, Germany

    Jürgen Willebrand

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  1. Jürgen Willebrand
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. GKSS Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße, 2054, Geesthacht, Germany

    Ehrhard Raschke  & Daniela Jacob  & 

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© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Willebrand, J. (1993). Forcing the Ocean by Heat and Freshwater Fluxes. In: Raschke, E., Jacob, D. (eds) Energy and Water Cycles in the Climate System. NATO ASI Series, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76957-3_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76957-3_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-76959-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76957-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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