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The Slightest Whiff of Air: Airflow Sensing in Arthropods

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Flow Sensing in Air and Water

Abstract

The perception of medium flows has received ever increasing attention during the last two decades and has increasingly been recognized as a sensory capacity of its own. A combination of experimental work and physical–mathematical modeling has deepened our understanding of the workings of airflow sensors, mainly represented by insect filiform hairs and arachnid trichobothria, both as individual sensors and sensor arrays. This chapter points to the diversity of arthropod airflow sensors and stresses the importance of comparative studies. These should include animal groups so far largely neglected by sensory biology and neuroethology. Another need is to analyze biologically relevant flow patterns and to relate these to the functional properties of the various patterns of sensor arrangement found in different animal taxa. Finally, the capture of a freely flying fly by a wandering spider is taken to illustrate the challenges and promises of studies that aim to reveal the relation between a particular airflow pattern and a specific behavior.

Dedicated to the memory of Joseph AC Humphrey.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    It has recently been shown that C. salei also jumps at dark disks slowly moving across a computer screen. Attack behavior can therefore be elicited independently by substrate vibrations, airflow stimuli, and visual stimuli (Fenk et al. 2010). The significance of the latter under field conditions, taking into account the spider’s nocturnal activity, still remains to be shown.

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Acknowledgments

The author’s research and that of his associates was generously supported by the DARPA BIOsenSE program grant no. FA9550-05-1-0459 and by several earlier grants of the Austrian Science Fund, FWF. The kind help of Clemens Schaber with the preparation of the figures is gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Friedrich G. Barth

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  1. Institute for Zoology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Horst Bleckmann

  2. Institute for Zoology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Joachim Mogdans

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA

    Sheryl L. Coombs

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Barth, F.G. (2014). The Slightest Whiff of Air: Airflow Sensing in Arthropods. In: Bleckmann, H., Mogdans, J., Coombs, S. (eds) Flow Sensing in Air and Water. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41446-6_7

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