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Developmental Pharmacokinetics

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Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 205))

Abstract

The advances in developmental pharmacokinetics during the past decade reside with an enhanced understanding of the influence of growth and development on drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). However, significant information gaps remain with respect to our ability to characterize the impact of ontogeny on the activity of important drug metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and other targets. The ultimate goal of rational drug therapy in neonates, infants, children, and adolescents resides with the ability to individualize it based on known developmental differences in drug disposition and action. The clinical challenge in achieving this is accounting for the variability in all of the contravening factors that influence pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (e.g., genetic variants of ADME genes, different disease phenotypes, disease progression, and concomitant treatment). Application of novel technologies in the fields of pharmacometrics (e.g., in silico simulation of exposure–response relationships; disease progression modeling), pharmacogenomics and biomarker development (e.g., creation of pharmacodynamic surrogate endpoints suitable for pediatric use) are increasingly making integrated approaches for developmentally appropriate dose regimen selection possible.

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Acknowledgements

Johannes van den Anker is supported in part by FP7 grants TINN (223614), TINN2 (260908), and NEUROSIS (223060), and Matthias Schwab is supported in part by the FP7 grant NEUROSIS (223060).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA

    Johannes N. van den Anker

  2. Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstrasse 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany

    Matthias Schwab

  3. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany

    Matthias Schwab

  4. Division of Pediatric Pharmacology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Medical Research, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA

    Gregory L. Kearns

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  1. Johannes N. van den Anker
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  2. Matthias Schwab
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  3. Gregory L. Kearns
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Correspondence to Johannes N. van den Anker .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Univ.Klinikum Marburg, Baldingerstr. 12, Marburg, 35043, Germany

    Hannsjörg W. Seyberth

  2. Karolinska Institutet, Dept. Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hostpital, Stockholm, 141 86, Sweden

    Anders Rane

  3. für Klinische Pharmakologie (IKP), Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institut, Auerbachstr. 112, Stuttgart, 70376, Germany

    Matthias Schwab

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van den Anker, J.N., Schwab, M., Kearns, G.L. (2011). Developmental Pharmacokinetics. In: Seyberth, H., Rane, A., Schwab, M. (eds) Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 205. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20195-0_2

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