Abstract
The organic and mineral amendments are an important tool for remediation and bioremediation of contaminated soils. The addition of these amendments in the polluted soils is a strategy that requires scientific and technological bases for reaching high degradation rates because after the amendment addition, many biological, chemical, and physical processes are started. The organic soil amendments as the wastewater sludge (biosolids), compost, vermicompost, manures, digestates, or any stabilized organic by-product or organic waste could be used to dissipate pollutants. Additionally, foundry sand, gypsum, coal combustion products, and volcanic ashes, among others, are mineral amendments also useful for the degradation of pollutants. This chapter provides the cutting-edge knowledge for enhancing the remediation or bioremediation processes through the addition of organic and/or mineral materials in order to improve the performance of the polluted system and enhance the biological, chemical, and physical interactions. The objectives of this chapter are (i) to analyze the relevant state of the art, (ii) to discuss the main advantages and disadvantages linked with the use of organic and mineral amendments for remediation, and (iii) to provide some experiences on remediation and bioremediation of PAHs-polluted soils.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adelaja O, Keshavarz T, Kyazze G (2015) The effect of salinity, redox mediators and temperature on anaerobic biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in microbial fuel cells. J Hazard Mater 283:211–217
Aichberger H, Andreas PL, Celis R, Braun R, Ottner F, Rost H (2006) Assessment of factors governing biodegradability of PAHs in three soils aged under field conditions. Soil Sediment Contam 15(1):73–85
Akbari A, Ghoshal S (2014) Pilot-scale bioremediation of a petroleum hyddrocarbon-contaminated clayey soil from a sub-Arctic site. J Hazard Mater 280:595–602
Alagic SC, Maluckov BS, Radojicic VB (2015) How can plants manage polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons? May these effects represent a useful tool for an effective soil remediation? A review. Clean Techn Environ 17(3):597–614
Al-Mailem DM, Kansour MK, Radwan SS (2015) Moderately thermophilic, hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial communities in Kuwaiti desert soil: enhanced activity via Ca2 + and dipicolinic acid amendment. Extremophiles 19:573–583
Andreolli M, Lampis S, Brignoli P, Vallini G (2015) Bioaugmentation and biostimulation as strategies for the bioremediation of a burned woodland soil contaminated by toxic hydrocarbons: a comparative study. J Environ Manage 153:121–131
Attanayake CP, Hettiarachchi GM, Martin S, Pierzynsky GM (2015) Potential bioavailability of lead, arsenic, and polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons in compost-amended urban soils. J Environ Qual 44:930–944
Bacosa HP, Inoue C (2015) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) biodegradation potential and diversity of microbial consortia enriched from Tsunami sediments in Miyagi, Japan. J Hazard Mater 283:689–697
Beesley L, Moreno-Jimenez E, Gómez-Eyles JL (2010) Effects of biochar and greenwaste compost amendments on mobility, bioavailability and toxicity of inorganic and organic contaminants in a multi-element polluted soil. Environ Pollut 158:2282–2287
Bellino A, Baldantoni D, De Nicola F, Iovieno P, Zaccardelli M, Alfani A (2015) Compost amendments in agricultural ecosystems: confirmatory path analysis to clarify the effects on soil chemical and biological properties. J Agric Sci (Camb.) 153:282–295
Betancur-Galvis LA, Alvarez-Bernal D, Ramos-Valdivia AC, Dendooven L (2006) Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated saline–alkaline soils of the former Lake Texcoco. Chemosphere 62(11):1749–1760
Bisht S, Pandey P, Bhargava B, Sharma S, Kumar V, Sharma KD (2015) Bioremediation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using rhizosphere technology. Braz J Microbiol 46(1):7–21
Biswas B, Sarkar B, Mandal A, Naidu R (2015) Heavy metal-immobilizing organoclay facilities polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation in mixed-contaminated soil. J Hazard Mater 298:129–137
Brändli RC, Hartnik T, Henriksen T, Cornelissen G (2008) Sorption of native polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to black carbon and amended activated carbon in soil. Chemosphere 73:1805–1810
Brennan A, Moreno E, Alburquerque JA, Knapp CW, Switzer C (2014) Effects of biochar and activated carbon amendment on maize growth and the uptake and measured availability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Environ Pollut 193:79–87
Castillo-Carvajal LC, Sanz-Martin JL, Barragan-Huerta BE (2014) Biodegradation of organic pollutants in saline wastewater by halophilic microorganisms: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21:9578–9588
Chen B, Yuan M (2012) Enhanced dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of fresh plant residues and their extracts. Environ Pollut 161:199–205
Clark GJ, Dogshun N, Sale PWG, Tang C (2007) Changes in chemical and biological properties of a sodic clay subsoil with addition of organic amendments. Soil Boil Biochem 39(11):2806–2817
Covino S, D’Annibale A, Stazi SR, Cajthaml T, Cvancarová M, Stella T, Petruccioli M (2015) Assessment of degradation potential of aliphatic hydrocarbons by autochthonous filamentous fungi from a historically polluted clay soil. Sci Total Environ 505:545–554
De Lorenzo V (2008) Systems biology approaches to bioremediation. Curr Opin Biotechnol 19:579–589
Doni S, Macci C, Peruzzi E, Iannelli R, Masciandaro G (2015) Heavy metal distribution in a sediment phytoremediation system at pilot scale. Ecol Eng 81:146–157
Ekperusi OA, Aigbodion FI (2015) Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons from crude oil-contaminated soil with the earthworm: Hyperiodrilus africanus. Biotech 5:957–965
Ezenne GI, Nwoke OA, Obalum SE, Ugwuishiwu BO (2014) Use of poultry droppings for remediation of crude-oil-polluted soils: effects of application rate on total and poly-aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations. Int Biodeter Biodegr 92:57–65
Fernández-Luqueño F, Marsch R, Espinosa-Victoria D, Thalasso F, Hidalgo-Lara ME, Munive A, Luna-Guido ML, Dendooven L (2008) Remediation of PAHs in a saline-alkaline soil amended with wastewater sludge and the effect on dynamics of C and N. Sci Total Environ 402:18–28
Fernández-Luqueño F, Thalasso F, Luna-Guido ML, Ceballos-Ramírez JM, Ordóñez-Ruíz IM, Dendooven L (2009) Flocculant in wastewater affects dynamics of inorganic N and accelerates removal of phenanthrene and anthracene in soil. J Environ Manage 90:2813–2818
Fernández-Luqueño F, Valenzuela-Encinas C, Marsch R, Martinez-Suarez C, Vázquez-Nunez E, Dendooven L (2011) Microbial communities to mitigate contamination of PAHs in soil-possibilities and challenges: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 18(1):12–30
Fernández-Luqueño F, Vázquez-Núñez E, Zavala-Días de la Serna FJ, Martínez-Suárez C, Salomón-Hernández G, Valenzuela-Encinas C, Franco-Hernández O, Ceballos-Ramírez JM, Dendooven L (2013) Bacterial community composition of a saline-alkaline soil amended or not with wastewater sludge and contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Afr J Microbiol Res 7(28):3605–3614
Fernández-Luqueño F, López-Valdez F, Valerio-Rodríguez MF, Pariona N, Hernández-López JL, García-Ortíz I, López-Baltazar J, Vega-Sánchez MC, Espinosa-Zapata R, Acosta-Gallegos JA (2014) Effects of nanofertilizers on plant growth and development, and their interrelationship with the environmental. In: Fernández-Luqueño F, López-Valdez F (eds) Fertilizers: components, uses in agriculture and environmental impact. NOVA Science, New York, pp 211–224
García-Delgado C, Alfaro-Barta I, Eymar E (2015) Combination of biochar amendment and mycoremediation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons immobilization and biodegradation in creosote-contaminated soil. J Hazard Mater 285:259–266
Gómez F, Sartaj M (2013) Field scale ex-situ bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil under cold climate conditions. Intl J Biodeteriorat Biodegrad 85:375–382
Gómez-Eyles JL, Sizmur T, Collins CD, Hodson ME (2011) Effects of biochar and the earthworm Eisenia fetida on the bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and potentially toxic elements. Environ Pollut 159:616–622
Gong X, Xu X, Gong Z, Li X, Jia C, Guo M, Li H (2015) Remediation of PAH-contaminated soil at a gas manufacturing plant by a combined two-phase partition system washing and microbial degradation process. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:12001–12010
Guerin TF (2015) Bioremediation of diesel from a rocky shoreline in an arid tropical climate. Mar Pollut Bull 99:85–93
Gurska J, Glick BR, Greenberg BM (2015) Gene expression of Secale cereale (Fall Rye) grown in petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) impacted soil with and without plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), Pseudomonas putida. Water Air Soil Pollut 226:308
Hale SE, Elmquist M, Brändli R, Hartnik T, Jakob L, Henriksen T, Werner D, Cornelissen G (2012) Activated carbon amendment to sequester PAHs in contaminated soil: a lysimeter field trial. Chemosphere 87:177–184
Han Z, Sani B, Akkanen J, Abel S, Nybom I, Karapanagioti H, Werner D (2015) A critical evaluation of magnetic activated carbon’s potential for the remediation of sediment impacted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. J Hazard Mater 286:41–47
Hou J, Liu W, Wang B, Wang Q, Luo Y, Franks AE (2015) PGPR enhanced phytoremediation of petroleum contaminated soil and rhizosphere microbial community response. Chemosphere 138:592–598
Hu X, Liu LY, Li SJ, Cai QG, Lu YL, Guo JR (2012) Development of soil crust under simulated rainfall and crust formation on a loess soil as influenced by polyacrylamide. Pedosphere 22:415–424
Jakob L, Hartnik T, Henriksen T, Elmquist M, Brändli RC, Hale SE, Cornelissen G (2012) PAH-sequestration capacity of granular and powder activated carbon amendments in soil, and their effects on earthworms and plants. Chemosphere 88:699–705
Jiang J, Liu H, Li Q, Gao N, Yao Y, Xu H (2015) Combined remediation of Cd-phenanthrene co-contaminated soil by Pleurotus cornucopiae and Bacillus thuringiensis FQ1 and the antioxidant responses in Pleurotus cornucopiae. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 120:386–393
Khamforoush M, Bijan-Manesh MJ (2013) Application of the Haug model for process design of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil bioremediation by composting process. Int J Environ Sci Technol 10:533–544
Khan S, Wang N, Reid BJ, Freddo A, Cai C (2013) Reduced bioaccumulation of PAHs by Lactuca sativa L. grown in contaminated soil amended with sewage sludge and sewage sludge derived biochar. Environ Pollut 175:64–68
Khudur LS, Shahsavari E, Miranda A, Morrison PD, Nugegoda D, Ball AS (2015) Evaluating the efficacy of bioremediating a diesel-contaminated soil using ecotoxicological and bacterial community indices. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:14809–14819
Li Y, Wang HQ, Hua F, Su MY, Zhao YC (2013) Effects of temperature and pH on fluoranthene biodegradation kinetics by the new strain Rhodococcus baikonurensis BAP-1. J Pure Appl Microbiol 7(4):3059–3069
Li H, Qu R, Li C, Guo W, Han X, He F, Ma Y, Xing B (2014) Selective removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from soil washing effluents using biochars produced at different pyrolytic temperatures. Bioresour Technol 163:193–198
Li X, Wang X, Ren ZJ, Zhang Y, Li N, Zhou Q (2015a) Sand amendment enhances bioelectrochemical remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Chemosphere 141:62–70
Li CH, Wong YS, Wang HY, Tam NFY (2015b) Anaerobic biodegradation of PAHs in mangrove sediment with amendment of NaHCO3. J Environ Sci (China) 30:148–156
Liao C, Liang X, Lu G, Thai T, Xu W, Dang Z (2015) Effect of surfactant amendment to PAHs-contaminated soil for phytoremediation by maize (Zea mays L.) Ecotox Eviron Safe 112:1–6
Liu F, Zhang X, Liu X, Chen X, Liang X, He C, Wei J, Xu G (2013) Alkyl polyglucoside (APG) amendment for improving the phytoremediation of Pb-PAH contaminated soil by the aquatic plant Scirpus triqueter. Soil Sediment Contam Int J 22:1013–1027
Liu PWG, Liou JW, Li YT, Su WL, Chen CH (2015) The optimal combination of entrapped bacteria for diesel remediation in seawater. Int J Biodeter Biodegr 102:383–391
López-Valdez F, Fernández-Luqueño F, Valerio-Rodríguez María F (2015) Mineral fertilizers, bio-fertilizers and PGPRs: advantages and disadvantages of its implementation. In: Sinha S, Pant KK, Bajpai S (eds) Fertilizer Technology II, Biofertilizers. Studium Press, New Delhi, pp 277–294
Mansur AA, Adetutu EM, Kadali KK, Morrison PD, Nurulita Y, Ball AS (2014) Assessing the hydrocarbon degrading potential of indigenous bacteria isolated from crude oil tank bottom sludge and hydrocarbon-contaminated soil of Azzawiya oil refinery, Libya. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21(18):10725–10735
Marchal G, Smith KEC, Mayer P, de Jonge LW, Karlson UG (2014) Impact of soil amendments and the plant rhizosphere on PAH behaviour in soil. Environ Pollut 188:124–131
Marchut-Mikolajzyk O, Kwapisz E, Wieczorek D, Antczak T (2015) Biodegradation of diesel oil hydrocarbons enhanced with Mucor circinelloides enzyme preparation. Int J Biodeter Biodegr 104:142–148
Matus FJ, Lusk CH, Maire CR (2008) Effect of soil texture, carbon input rates, and litter quality on free organic matter and nitrogen mineralization in Chilean rain forest and agricultural soils. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 39(1–2):187–201
Mena E, Saez C, Villaseñor J, Rodrigo MA, Cañizares P (2015) Feasibility of coupling permeable bio-barriers and electrokinetics the treatment of diesel hydrocarbons polluted soils. Electrochim Acta 181:192–199
Mnif I, Mnif S, Sahnoun R, Maktouf S, Ayedi Y, Elbouze-Chaabouni S, Ghribi D (2015) Biodegradation of diesel oil by a novel microbial consortium: comparison between co-inoculation with biosurfactant-producing strain and exogenously added biosurfactants. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:4852–14861
Nanekar S, Dhote M, Kashyap S, Singh SK, Juwarkar AA (2013) Microbe assisted phytoremediation of oil sludge and role of amendments: a mesocosm study. Int J Environ Sci Technol 12:193–202
Nelson PN, Ladd JN, Oades JM (1996) Decomposition of 14C-labelled plant material in a salt-affected soil. Soil Biol Biochem 28(4–5):433–441
Nikolopoulou M, Eickenbusch P, Pasadakis N, Venieri D, Kalogerakis N (2013) Microcosm evaluation of autochthonous bioaugmentation to combat marine oil spills. N Biotechnol 30:734–742
Oyelami AO, Ogbonnaya U, Muotoh C, Semple KT (2015) Impact of activated carbon on the catabolism of 14C-phenanthrene in soil. Evnviron Sci Process Impacts 17:1173–1181
Poot A, Jonker MTO, Gillissen F, Koelmns AA (2014) Explaining PAH desorption from sediments using rock eval analysis. Environ Pollut 193:247–253
Radzi NASM, Tay KS, Abu Bakar NK, Emenike CU, Krishnan S, Hamid FS, Abas MR (2015) Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pyrene and fluoranthene) by bacterial consortium isolated from contaminated road side soil and soil termite fungal comb. Environ Earth Sci 74:5383–5391
Rasmussen C, Southard RJ, Horwath WR (2007) Soil mineralogy affects conifer forest soil carbon source utilization and microbial priming. Soil Sci Soc Am J 71(4):1141–1150
Reichenberg F, Mayer P (2006) Two complementary sides of bioavailability: accessibility and chemical activity of organic contaminants in sediments and soils. Environ Toxicol Chem 25(5):1239–1245
Sajna KV, Sukumaran RK, Gottumukkala LD, Pandey A (2015) Crude oil biodegradation aided by biosurfactants from Pseudozyma sp NII 08165 or its culture broth. Bioresour Technol 191:133–139
SAS Institute (1989) Statistic guide for personal computers. Version 6.04, Edn. SAS Institute, Cary
Shi Z, Chen J, Liu J, Wang N, Sun Z, Wang X (2015) Anionic-nonionic mixed-surfactant-enhanced remediation of PAH-contaminated soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:12769–12774
Silvana CE, Martinez MA, Arocena LA (2014) Estudio comparativo del agregado de enmiendas orgánicas e inorgánicas en procesos de biorremediaciòn de suelos norpatagónicos contaminados con petróleo. Rev Soc Quim Peru 80:251–261
Sojka RE, Bjorneberg DL, Entry JA, Lentz RD, Orts WJ (2007) Polyacrylamide in agriculture and environmental land management. Adv Agron 92:75–162
Steliga T (2008) Optimization research on biodegradation of hydrocarbon pollution in weathering soil samples from manufactures gas plant (MGP). Arch Environ Prot 34:51–70
Straszko J, Parus W, Paterkowski W (2015) Kinetics of catalytic combustion processes of air admixtures. Arch Environ Prot 41:86–97
Suja F, Rahim F, Taha MR, Hambali N, Razali MR, Khalid A, Hamzah A (2014) Effects of local microbial bioaugmentation and biostimulation on the bioremediation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in crude oil contaminated soil based on laboratory and field observations. Int J Biodeter Biodegr 90:115–122
Sun GD, Xu Y, Jin JH, Zhong ZP, Liu Y, Luo M, Liu ZP (2012) Pilot scale ex-situ bioremediation of heavily PAHs-contaminated soil by indigenous microorganisms and bioaugmentation by a PAHs-degrading and bioemulsifier-producing strain. J Hazard Mater 233:72–78
Sungthong R, van West P, Cantos M, Ortega-Calvo JJ (2015) Development of eukaryotic zoospores within polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)-polluted environments: a set of behaviors that are relevant for bioremediation. Sci Total Environ 511:767–776
Sutton NB, Grotenhuis T, Rijnaarts HHM (2014) Impact of organic carbon and nutrients mobilized during chemical oxidation on subsequent bioremediation of a diesel-contaminated soil. Chemosphere 97:64–70
Tang J, Lv H, Gong Y, Huang Y (2015) Preparation and characterization of a novel graphene/biochar composite for aqueous phenanthrene and mercury removal. Bioresour Technol 196:355–363
Teng Y, Lou Y, Sun M, Liu Z, Li Z, Christie P (2010) Effect of bioaugmentation by Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 on the soil microbial community and removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from an aged contaminated soil. Bioresour Technol 101:3437–3443
Tian WJ, Wang LJ, Li D, Li FS (2015) Leachability of phenanthrene from soil under acid rain and its relationship with dissolved organic matter. Environ Earth Sci 73(7):3675–3681
US-EPA (2011) Introduction to green remediation. 2p. Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/remedytech/introduction-green-remediation (Verified January 1, 2016)
Vázquez-Núñez E, Rodriguez V, García-Gaytán A, Luna-Guido M, Betancur-Galvis LA, Marsch R, Dendooven L (2009) Using acetone as solvent to study removal of anthracene in soil inhibits microbial activity and alters nitrogen dynamics. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 57(2):239–246
Vecino X, Rodríguez-López L, Cruz JM, Moldes AB (2015) Sewage sludge polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) decontamination technique based on the utilization of a lipopeptide biosurfactant extracted from corn steep liquor. J Agric Food Chem 63:7143–7150
Wang JB, Wang C, Huang QY, Ding F, He XW (2015) Adsorption of PAHs on the sediments from the yellow river delta as a function of particle size and salinity. Soil Sediment Contam 24:103–115
Wen QX, Chen ZQ, Zhao Y, Zhang HC, Feng YJ (2010) Biodegradation of polyacrylamide by bacteria isolated from activated sludge and oil-contaminated soil. J Hazard Mater 175:955–959
Wen JW, Gao DW, Zhang B, Liang H (2011) Co-metabolic degradation of pyrene by indigenous white-rot fungus Pseudotrametes gibbosa from the northeast China. Int J Biodeter Biodegr 65(4):600–604
Winquist E, Björklöf K, Schultz E, Räsänen M, Salonen K, Anasonye F, Cajthaml T, Steffen KT, Jorgensen KS, Tuomela M (2014) Bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soil with fungi—from laboratory to field scale. Int J Biodeter Biodegr 86:238–247
Wiszniewska A, Hanus-Fajerska E, Muszynska E, Ciarkowska K (2016) Natural organic amendments for improved phytoremediation of polluted soils: a review of recent progress. Pedosphere 26(1):1–12
Wu G, Kechavarzi C, Li X, Sui H, Pollard SJT, Coulon F (2013) Influence of mature compost amendment on total and bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated soils. Chemosphere 90:2240–2246
Zhang J, Lin X, Liu W, Wang Y, Zeng J, Chen H (2012) Effect of organic wastes on the plant-microbe remediation for removal of aged PAHs in soils. J Environ Sci (China) 24:1476–1482
Acknowledgments
The research was funded by the Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy Program (Cinvestav-Saltillo). CR S-C and S G-M received grant-aided support from “Becas de Posgrado-CONACyT.” F F-L and F L-V received grant-aided support from “Sistema Nacional de Investigadores-CONACyT.”
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fernández-Luqueño, F., López-Valdez, F., Pérez-Morales, C., García-Mayagoitia, S., Sarabia-Castillo, C.R., Pérez-Ríos, S.R. (2017). Enhancing Decontamination of PAHs-Polluted Soils: Role of Organic and Mineral Amendments. In: Anjum, N., Gill, S., Tuteja, N. (eds) Enhancing Cleanup of Environmental Pollutants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55423-5_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55423-5_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-55422-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-55423-5
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)