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The Role of Hsp70 in the Regulation of Autophagy in Gametogenesis, Pregnancy, and Parturition

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The Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Reproductive System Development and Function

Part of the book series: Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology ((ADVSANAT,volume 222))

Abstract

Induction of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (hsp70) and autophagy are two major mechanisms that promote cell homeostasis during the rapid cell growth and differentiation characteristic of reproduction. Hsp70 insures proper assembly, conformation, and intracellular transport of nascent proteins. Autophagy removes from the cytoplasm proteins, other macromolecules, and organelles that are no longer functional or needed and recycles their components for synthesis of new products under nutritionally limiting conditions. Hsp70 inhibits autophagy and so a proper balance between these two processes is essential for optimal germ cell production and survival and pregnancy progression. A marked inhibition in autophagy and a concomitant increase in hsp70 at term is a trigger for parturition. Excessive external or endogenous stress that induces a high level of hsp70 production can lead to a non-physiological inhibition of autophagy, resulting in altered spermatogenesis, premature ovarian failure, and complications of pregnancy including preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm birth.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, Box 35, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    Steven S. Witkin, Tomi T. Kanninen & Giovanni Sisti

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  1. Steven S. Witkin
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  2. Tomi T. Kanninen
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  3. Giovanni Sisti
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Correspondence to Steven S. Witkin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Veterinary Biomed. Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

    Daniel J. MacPhee

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Witkin, S.S., Kanninen, T.T., Sisti, G. (2017). The Role of Hsp70 in the Regulation of Autophagy in Gametogenesis, Pregnancy, and Parturition. In: MacPhee, D. (eds) The Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Reproductive System Development and Function. Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology, vol 222. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51409-3_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51409-3_6

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