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Interplay Between Transcription Factors and MicroRNAs Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions in Colorectal Cancer

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Non-coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 937))

Abstract

The epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) represents a morphogenetic program involved in developmental processes such as gastrulation and neural crest formation. The EMT program is co-opted by epithelial tumor cells and endows them with features necessary for spreading to distant sites, such as invasion, migration, apoptosis resistance and stemness. Thereby, EMT facilitates metastasis formation and therapy resistance. A growing number of transcription factors has been implicated in the regulation of EMT. These include EMT-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TFs), the most prominent being SNAIL, SLUG, ZEB1, ZEB2 and TWIST, and negative regulators of EMT, such as p53. Furthermore, a growing number of microRNAs, such as members of the miR-200 and miR-34 family, have been characterized as negative regulators of EMT. EMT-TFs and microRNAs, such as ZEB1/2 and miR-200 or SNAIL and miR-34, are often engaged in double-negative feedback loops forming bistable switches controlling the transitions from epithelial to the mesenchymal cell states. Within this chapter, we will provide a comprehensive overview over the transcription factors and microRNAs that have been implicated in the regulation of EMT in colorectal cancer. Furthermore, we will highlight the regulatory connections between EMT-TFs and miRNAs to illustrate common principles of their interaction that regulate EMTs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Thalkirchner Strasse 36, 80337, Munich, Germany

    Markus Kaller & Heiko Hermeking

  2. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Heiko Hermeking

  3. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Heiko Hermeking

Authors
  1. Markus Kaller
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  2. Heiko Hermeking
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Correspondence to Heiko Hermeking .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

    Ondrej Slaby

  2. Department of Experimental Therapeutics Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    George A. Calin

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Kaller, M., Hermeking, H. (2016). Interplay Between Transcription Factors and MicroRNAs Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions in Colorectal Cancer. In: Slaby, O., Calin, G. (eds) Non-coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 937. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42059-2_4

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