Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Radiotherapy Using Nanoparticles

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Increasing the Therapeutic Ratio of Radiotherapy

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

Abstract

Nanoparticles have garnered significant interest in recent decades for both biomedical imaging and therapeutic applications. The ability to finely tune their sizes and morphologies and modify their surface properties to enable cell-specific receptor targeting for tumor localization and prolonged circulation and the potential of low or reduced toxicity make them attractive agents in both cancer imaging and therapy. Recent studies have shown that nanoparticles in combination with radiation therapy can lead to an increase in the number of DNA double-stranded breaks compared with radiation alone and improve cancer survival in mouse models. With recent advances in imaging modalities as well as new radiation therapy technologies, targeted radiation therapy with nanoparticles is actively being pursued as a strategy to increase the effectiveness of radiation-induced cancer cell death while minimizing damage to normal tissues. This chapter will highlight the past and current developments of nanomedicines used to increase the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy for in vitro models and in vivo models, the mechanisms of radiation enhancement and interaction of ionizing radiation with nanoparticles, and explore the potential for future integration into clinical radiotherapy practice.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Pautler M, Brenner S (2010) Nanomedicine: promises and challenges for the future of public health. Int J Nanomedicine 5:803–809

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Barenholz Y (2012) Doxil(R)–the first FDA-approved nano-drug: lessons learned. J Control Release 160:117–134

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kanekiyo M et al (2013) Self-assembling influenza nanoparticle vaccines elicit broadly neutralizing H1N1 antibodies. Nature 499:102–106

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. des Rieux A, Fievez V, Garinot M, Schneider YJ, Preat V (2006) Nanoparticles as potential oral delivery systems of proteins and vaccines: a mechanistic approach. J Control Release 116:1–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Kircher MF et al (2012) A brain tumor molecular imaging strategy using a new triple-modality MRI-photoacoustic-Raman nanoparticle. Nat Med 18:829–834

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Jiang S, Gnanasammandhan MK, Zhang Y (2010) Optical imaging-guided cancer therapy with fluorescent nanoparticles. J R Soc Interface 7:3–18

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Reddy GR et al (2006) Vascular targeted nanoparticles for imaging and treatment of brain tumors. Clin Cancer Res 12:6677–6686

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Cheng Z, Al Zaki A, Hui JZ, Muzykantov VR, Tsourkas A (2012) Multifunctional nanoparticles: cost versus benefit of adding targeting and imaging capabilities. Science 338:903–910

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Torchilin VP (2002) PEG-based micelles as carriers of contrast agents for different imaging modalities. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 54:235–252

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Prabhu RH, Patravale VB, Joshi MD (2015) Polymeric nanoparticles for targeted treatment in oncology: current insights. Int J Nanomedicine 10:1001–1018

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Maeda H, Wu J, Sawa T, Matsumura Y, Hori K (2000) Tumor vascular permeability and the EPR effect in macromolecular therapeutics: a review. J Control Release 65:271–284

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Konerding MA, Fait E, Gaumann A (2001) 3D microvascular architecture of pre-cancerous lesions and invasive carcinomas of the colon. Br J Cancer 84:1354–1362

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Balasubramanian SK, Jittiwat J, Manikandan J, Ong CN, Yu LE, Ong WY (2010) Biodistribution of gold nanoparticles and gene expression changes in the liver and spleen after intravenous administration in rats. Biomaterials 31(8):2034–2042

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Cho WS, Cho M, Jeong J, Choi M, Cho HY, Han BS, Kim SH, Kim HO, Lim YT, Chung BH (2009) Acute toxicity and pharmacokinetics of 13 nm-sized PEG-coated gold nanoparticles. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 236(1):16–24

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Niidome T, Yamagata M, Okamoto Y, Akiyama Y, Takahashi H, Kawano T, Katayama Y, Niidome Y (2006) PEG-modified gold nanorods with a stealth character for in vivo applications. J Control Release 114(3):343–347

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Frank A, Pridgen E, Molnar LK, Farokhzad OC (2008) Factors affecting the clearance and biodistribution of polymeric nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 5(4):505–515

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Blanco E, Shen H, Ferrari M (2015) Nanoparticle size, shape and surface charge dictate biodistribution among the different organs including the lungs, liver, spleen and kidneys. Nat Biotechnol 33:941–951

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. He C, Hu Y, Yin L, Tang C, Yin C (2010) Effects of particle size and surface charge on cellular uptake and biodistribution of polymeric nanoparticles. Biomaterials 31(13):3657–3666

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Lemarchand C, Gref R, Couvreur P (2004) Polysaccharide-decorated nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 58:327–341

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Lemarchand C, Gref R, Passirani C, Garcion E, Petri B, Muller R, Costantini D, Couvreur P (2006) Influence of polysaccharide coating on the interactions of nanoparticles with biological systems. Biomaterials 27:108–118

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Koo OM, Rubinstein I, Onyuksel H (2005) Role of nanotechnology in targeted drug delivery and imaging: a concise review. Nanomedicine 1:193–212

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Elias DR, Poloukhtine A, Popik V, Tsourkas A (2013) Effect of ligand density, receptor density, and nanoparticle size on cell targeting. Nanomedicine 9(2):194–201

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Xu S, Olenyuk BZ, Okamato CT, Hamm-Alvarez SF (2013) Targeting receptor-mediated endocytic pathways with nanoparticles: rationale and advances. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 65(1):121–138

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Bergs JWJ, Wacker MG, Hehlgans S, Piiper A, Multhoff G, Rodel C, Rodel F (2015) The role of recent nanotechnology in enhancing the efficacy of radiation therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta 1856(1):130–143

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Retif P, Pinel S, Toussaint M, Frochot C, Chouikrat R, Bastogne T, Barberi-Heyob M (2015) Nanoparticles for radiation therapy enhancement: the key parameters. Theranostics 5(9):1030–1044

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Starkewolf ZB, Miyachi L, Wong J, Guo T (2013) X-ray triggered release of doxorubicin from nanoparticle drug carriers for cancer therapy. Chem Commun 49:2545–2547

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Chen W, Zhang J (2006) Using nanoparticles to enable simultaneous radiation and photodynamic therapies for cancer treatment. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 6(4):1159–1166

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. AshaRani PV, Kah Mun GL, Hande MP, Valiyaveettil S (2009) Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in human cells. ACS Nano 3(2):279–290

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Chithrani BD, Ghazani AA, Chan WCW (2006) Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells. Nano Lett 6(4):662–668

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Arnida, Janat-Amsbury MM, Ray A, Peterson CM, Ghandehari H (2011) Geometry and surface characteristics of gold nanoparticles influence their biodistribution and uptake by macrophages. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 77(3):417–423

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Cheng Z, Al Zaki A, Hui JZ, Muzykantov VR, Tsourkas A (2012) Multifunctional nanoparticles: cost versus benefit of adding targeting and imaging capabilities. Science 338(6109):903–910

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Albanese A, Tang PS, Chan WCW (2012) The effect of nanoparticle size, shape, and surface chemistry on biological systems. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 14:1–16

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Petros RA, DeSimone JD (2010) Strategies in the design of nanoparticles for therapeutic applications. Nature 9:615–627

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Fu PP, Xia Q, Hwang HM, Ray PC, Yu H (2014) Mechanisms of nanotoxicity: generation of reactive oxygen species. J Food Drug Anal 22(1):64–75

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Park MV, Neigh AM, Vermeulen JP, de la Fonteyene LJ, Verharen HW, Briede JJ, van Loveren H, de Jong WH (2011) The effect of particle size on the cytotoxicity, inflammation, developmental toxicity and genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles. Biomaterials 32(36):9810–9817

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Schwenk MH (2010) Ferumoxytol: A new intravenous iron preparation for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Pharmacotherapy 30(1):70–79

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Thomas R, Park IK, Jeong YY (2013) Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for multimodal imaging and therapy of cancer. Int J Mol Sci 14(8):15910–15930

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. van Tilborg GAF, Cormode DP, Jarzyna PA, van der Toorn A, van der Pol SMA, van Bloois L, Fayad ZA, Storm G, Mulder WJM, de Vries HE, Dijkhuizen RM (2012) Nanoclusters of iron oxide: effect of core composition on structure, biocompatibility and cell labeling efficacy. Bioconjug Chem 23:941–950

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Tommaro A, Narcisi A, Tuchinda P, Sina B (2015) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis following gadolinium administration. Cuitis 96(1):E23–E25

    Google Scholar 

  40. Lasagna-Reeves C, Gonzalez-Romero D, Barria MA, Olmedo I, Clos A, Sadagopa Ramanujam VM, Urayama A, Vergara L, Kogan MJ, Soto C (2010) Bioaccumulation and toxicity of gold nanoparticles after repeated administration in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 393(4):649–655

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Hainfeld JF, Dilmanian FA, Slatkin DN, Smilowitz HM (2008) Radiotherapy enhancement with gold nanoparticles. J Pharm Pharmacol 60(8):977–985

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Al Zaki A, Hui JZ, Higbee E, Tsourkas A (2015) Biodistribution, clearance, and toxicology of polymeric micelles loaded with 0.9 or 5 nm gold nanoparticles. J Biomed Nanotechnol 11(10):1836–1846

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Chen PC, Mwakwari SC, Oyelere AK (2008) Gold nanoparticles: from nanomedicine to nanosensing. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 1:45–66

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  44. Connor EE, Mwamuka J, Gole A, Murphy CJ, Wyatt MD (2005) Gold nanoparticles are taken up by human cells but do not cause acute cytotoxicity. Small 1(3):325–327

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Lewinski N, Colvin V, Drezek R (2008) Cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. Small 4(1):26–49

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Pan Y, Neuss S, Leifert A, Fischler M, Wen F, Simon U, Schmid G, Brandau W, Jahnen-Dechent W (2007) Size-dependent cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles. Small 3(11):1941–1949

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Shukla R, Bansal V, Chaudhary M, Basu A, Bhonde RR, Sastry M (2005) Biocompatibility of gold nanoparticles and their endocytotic fate inside the cellular compartment: a microscopic overview. Langmuir 21(23):10644–10654

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Tkachenko AG, Xie H, Coleman D, Glomm W, Ryan J, Anderson MF, Franzen S, Feldheim DL (2003) Multifunctional gold nanoparticle-peptide complexes for nuclear targeting. J Am Chem Soc 125(16):4700–4701

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Chassagne D, Charreau I, Sancho-Garnier H, Eschwege F, Malaise EP (1992) First analysis of tumor regression for the European randomized trial of etanidazole combined with radiotherapy in head and neck carcinomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 22:581–584

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Murayama C et al (1993) Radiosensitization by a new potent nucleoside analog: 1-(1′,3′,4′-trihydroxy-2′-butoxy)methyl-2-nitroimidazole(RP-343). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 26:433–443

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Murayama C et al (1989) Radiosensitization by a new nucleoside analogue: 1-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl-2-nitroimidazole (RP-170). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 17:575–581

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Wardman P (2007) Chemical radiosensitizers for use in radiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 19:397–417

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Kvols LK (2005) Radiation sensitizers: a selective review of molecules targeting DNA and non-DNA targets. J Nucl Med 46(Suppl 1):187S–190S

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Servidei T et al (2001) The novel trinuclear platinum complex BBR3464 induces a cellular response different from cisplatin. Eur J Cancer 37:930–938

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Richmond RC (1984) Toxic variability and radiation sensitization by dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) complexes in Salmonella typhimurium cells. Radiat Res 99:596–608

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Amorino GP, Freeman ML, Carbone DP, Lebwohl DE, Choy H (1999) Radiopotentiation by the oral platinum agent, JM216: role of repair inhibition. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 44:399–405

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Dorsey JF, Sun L, Joh DY, Witztum A, Al Zaki A, Kao GD, Alonso-Basanta M, Avery S, Tsourkas A, Hahn SM (2013) Gold nanoparticles in radiation research: potential applications for imaging and radiosensitization. Transl Cancer Res 2(4):280–291

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  58. Jin C, Bai L, Wu H, Tian F, Guo G (2007) Radiosensitization of paclitaxel, etanidazole and paclitaxel + etanidazole nanoparticles on hypoxic human tumor cells in vitro. Biomaterials 28(25):3723–3730

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Werner ME, Copp JA, Karve S et al (2011) Folate-targeted polymeric nanoparticle formulation of docetaxel is an effective molecularly targeted radiosensitizer with efficacy dependent on the timing of radiotherapy. ACS Nano 5:8990–8998

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  60. Werner ME, Cummings ND, Sethi M et al (2013) Preclinical evaluation of Genexol-PM, a nanoparticle formulation of paclitaxel, as a novel radiosensitizer for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 86:463–468

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  61. Jeremic B, Aguerri AR, Filipovic N (2013) Radiosensitization by gold nanoparticles. Clin Transl Oncol 15:593–601

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Young SW, Qing F, Harriman A et al (1996) Gadolinium(III) texaphyrin: a tumor selective radiation sensitizer that is detectable by MRI. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:6610–6615

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  63. Yao MH, Ma M, Chen Y, Jia XQ, Xu G, Xu HX, Chen HR, Wu R (2014) Multifunctional BiS23/PLGA nanocapsule for combined HIFU/radiation therapy. Biomaterials 35(28):8197–8205

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Mirjolet C, Papa AL, Crehange G, Raguin O, Seignez C, Paul C, Truc G, Maingon P, Millot N (2013) The radiosensitization effect of titanate nanotubes as a new tool in radiation therapy for glioblastoma: a proof-of-concept. Radiother Oncol 108(1):136–142

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Maggiorella L, Barouch G, Devaux C, Pottier A, Deutsch E, Bourhis J, Borghi E, Levy L (2012) Nanoscale radiotherapy with hafnium oxide nanoparticles. Future Oncol 8(9):1167–1181

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Lin MH, Hsu TS, Yang PM, Tsai MY, Perng TP, Lin LY (2009) Comparison of organic and inorganic germanium compounds in cellular radiosensitivity and preparation of germanium nanoparticles as a radiosensitizer. Int J Radiat Biol 85:214–226

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Porcel E, Liehn S, Remita H, Usami N, Kobayashi K, Furusawa Y et al (2010) Platinum nanoparticles: a promising material for future cancer therapy? Nanotechnology 21:85103

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Riley PA (1994) Free radicals in biology: oxidative stress and the effects of ionizing radiation. Int J Radiat Biol 65:27–33

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Balasubramanian B, Pogozelski WK, Tullius TD (1998) DNA strand breaking by the hydroxyl radical is governed by the accessible surface areas of the hydrogen atoms of the DNA backbone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:9738–9743

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  70. Steel GG, McMillan TJ, Peacock JH (1989) The 5Rs of radiobiology. Int J Radiat Biol 56:1045–1048

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Radford IR, Broadhurst S (1986) Enhanced induction by X-irradiation of DNA double-strand breakage in mitotic as compared with S-phase V79 cells. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med 49:909–914

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Bedford JS (1991) Sublethal damage, potentially lethal damage, and chromosomal aberrations in mammalian cells exposed to ionizing radiations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 21:1457–1469

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Bredesen DE (2000) Apoptosis: overview and signal transduction pathways. J Neurotrauma 17:801–810

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Misawa M, Takahashi J (2011) Generation of reactive oxygen species induced by gold nanoparticles under X-ray and UV irradiations. Nanomedicine 7:604–614

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Giusti AM, Raimondi M, Ravagnan G, Sapora O, Parasassi T (1998) Human cell membrane oxidative damage induced by single and fractionated doses of ionizing radiation: a fluorescence spectroscopy study. Int J Radiat Biol 74:595–605

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Mesbahi A (2010) A review on gold nanoparticles radiosensitization effect in radiation therapy of cancer. Rep Prac Oncol Radiother 15:176–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Kobayashi K, Usami N, Porcel E, Lacombe S, Le Sech C (2010) Enhancement of radiation effect by heavy elements. Mutat Res 704:123–131

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Adams FH, Norman A, Mello RS, Bass D (1977) Effect of radiation and contrast media on chromosomes. Preliminary report. Radiology 124:823–826

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Chithrani DB et al (2010) Gold nanoparticles as radiation sensitizers in cancer therapy. Radiat Res 173:719–728

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Nath R, Bongiorni P, Rockwell S (1990) Iododeoxyuridine radiosensitization by low- and high-energy photons for brachytherapy dose rates. Radiat Res 124:249–258

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Polf JC et al (2011) Enhanced relative biological effectiveness of proton radiotherapy in tumor cells with internalized gold nanoparticles. Appl Phys Lett 98:193702

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Butterworth KT, McMahon SJ, Currell FJ, Prise KM (2012) Physical basis and biological mechanisms of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization. Nanoscale 4:4830–4838

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Roa W et al (2009) Gold nanoparticle sensitize radiotherapy of prostate cancer cells by regulation of the cell cycle. Nanotechnology 20:375101

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Kang B, Mackey MA, El-Sayed MA (2010) Nuclear targeting of gold nanoparticles in cancer cells induces DNA damage, causing cytokinesis arrest and apoptosis. J Am Chem Soc 132:1517–1519

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Regulla DF, Hieber LB, Seidenbusch M (1998) Physical and biological interface dose effects in tissue due to X-ray-induced release of secondary radiation from metallic gold surfaces. Radiat Res 150:92–100

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Geng F et al (2011) Thio-glucose bound gold nanoparticles enhance radio-cytotoxic targeting of ovarian cancer. Nanotechnology 22:285101

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Jain S et al (2011) Cell-specific radiosensitization by gold nanoparticles at megavoltage radiation energies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 79:531–539

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Liu CJ et al (2010) Enhancement of cell radiation sensitivity by pegylated gold nanoparticles. Phys Med Biol 55:931–945

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Butterworth KT et al (2010) Evaluation of cytotoxicity and radiation enhancement using 1.9 nm gold particles: potential application for cancer therapy. Nanotechnology 21:295101

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  90. Kong T et al (2008) Enhancement of radiation cytotoxicity in breast-cancer cells by localized attachment of gold nanoparticles. Small 4:1537–1543

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Rahman WN et al (2009) Enhancement of radiation effects by gold nanoparticles for superficial radiation therapy. Nanomedicine 5:136–142

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Zhang X et al (2008) Enhanced radiation sensitivity in prostate cancer by gold-nanoparticles. Clin Invest Med 31:E160–E167

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Chang MY et al (2008) Increased apoptotic potential and dose-enhancing effect of gold nanoparticles in combination with single-dose clinical electron beams on tumor-bearing mice. Cancer Sci 99:1479–1484

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Chien, C.C. et al. (2006) Synchrotron radiation instrumentation. Ninth international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation. vol 879

    Google Scholar 

  95. Zhang XD et al (2009) Irradiation stability and cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles for radiotherapy. Int J Nanomedicine 4:165–173

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  96. Liu CJ et al (2008) Enhanced x-ray irradiation-induced cancer cell damage by gold nanoparticles treated by a new synthesis method of polyethylene glycol modification. Nanotechnology 19:295104

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Chattopadhyay N et al (2010) Design and characterization of HER-2-targeted gold nanoparticles for enhanced X-radiation treatment of locally advanced breast cancer. Mol Pharm 7:2194–2206

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Brun E, Sanche L, Sicard-Roselli C (2009) Parameters governing gold nanoparticle X-ray radiosensitization of DNA in solution. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 72:128–134

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Zheng Y, Hunting DJ, Ayotte P, Sanche L (2008) Radiosensitization of DNA by gold nanoparticles irradiated with high-energy electrons. Radiat Res 169:19–27

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Ngwa W et al (2013) In vitro radiosensitization by gold nanoparticles during continuous low-dose-rate gamma irradiation with I-125 brachytherapy seeds. Nanomedicine 9:25–27

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Chattopadhyay N et al (2013) Molecularly targeted gold nanoparticles enhance the radiation response of breast cancer cells and tumor xenografts to X-radiation. Breast Cancer Res Treat 137:81–91

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Hossain M, Su M (2012) Nanoparticle location and material dependent dose enhancement in X-ray radiation therapy. J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 116:23047–23052

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  103. Hainfeld JF, Slatkin DN, Smilowitz HM (2004) The use of gold nanoparticles to enhance radiotherapy in mice. Phys Med Biol 49:N309–N315

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Hebert EM, Debouttiere PJ, Lepage M, Sanche L, Hunting DJ (2010) Preferential tumour accumulation of gold nanoparticles, visualised by Magnetic Resonance Imaging: radiosensitisation studies in vivo and in vitro. Int J Radiat Biol 86:692–700

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Joh DY et al (2013) Theranostic gold nanoparticles modified for durable systemic circulation effectively and safely enhance the radiation therapy of human sarcoma cells and tumors. Transl Oncol 6:722–731

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  106. Hainfeld JF et al (2010) Gold nanoparticles enhance the radiation therapy of a murine squamous cell carcinoma. Phys Med Biol 55:3045–3059

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Joh DY et al (2013) Selective targeting of brain tumors with gold nanoparticle-induced radiosensitization. PLoS One 8, e62425

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  108. Kim JK et al (2012) Enhanced proton treatment in mouse tumors through proton irradiated nanoradiator effects on metallic nanoparticles. Phys Med Biol 57:8309–8323

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Zhang XD et al (2012) Size-dependent radiosensitization of PEG-coated gold nanoparticles for cancer radiation therapy. Biomaterials 33:6408–6419

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Atkinson RL et al (2010) Thermal enhancement with optically activated gold nanoshells sensitizes breast cancer stem cells to radiation therapy. Sci Transl Med 2:55ra79

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Zhang XD et al (2014) Enhanced tumor accumulation of sub-2 nm gold nanoclusters for cancer radiation therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 3:133–141

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Al Zaki A, Joh D, Cheng Z, de Barros AL, Kao GD, Dorsey JF, Tsourkas A (2014) Gold-loaded polymeric micelles for computed tomography–guided radiation therapy treatment and radiosensitization. ACS Nano 8(1):104–112

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. McQuade C, Al Zaki A, Desai Y, Vido M, Sakhuja T, Cheng Z, Hickey R, Joh D, Park S-J, Kao GD, Dorsey JF, Tsourkas A (2015) A multi-functional nanoplatform for imaging, radiotherapy, and the prediction of therapeutic response. Small 11(7):834–843

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Sun L, Joh DY, Al Zaki A, Stangl M, Murty S, Davis JJ, Baumann BC, Alonso-Basanta M, Kao GD, Tsourkas A, Dorsey JF (2015) Theranostic application of mixed gold and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle micelles in glioblastoma multiforme. J Biomed Nanotechnol 11:1–10

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Vilchis-Juarez A, Ferro-Flores G, Santos-Cuevas C, Morales-Avila E, Ocampo-Garcia B, Diaz-Nieto L, Luna-Gutierrez M, Jimenez-Mancilla N, Pedraza-Lopez M, Gomez-Olivan L (2014) Molecular targeting radiotherapy with cyclo-RGDfK(C) peptides conjugated to 177Lu-labeled gold nanoparticles in tumor bearing mice. J Biomed Nanotechnol 10:395–404

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Miladi I, Alric C, Dufort S, Mowat P, Dutour A, Mandon C, Laurent G, Bräuer-Krisch E, Herath N, Coll JL, Dutreix M, Lux F, Bazzi R, Billotey C, Janier M, Perriat P, Le Duc G, Roux S, Tillement O (2014) The in vivo radiosensitizing effect of gold nanoparticles based MRI contrast agents. Small 10(6):1116–1124

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Dufort S, Bianchi A, Henry M, Lux F, Le Duc G, Josserand V, Louis C, Perriat P, Cremillieux Y, Tillement O, Coll JL (2015) Nebulized gadolinium-based nanoparticles: A theranostic approach for lung tumor imaging and radiosensitization. Small 11(2):215–221

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Zhao D, Sun X, Tong J, Ma J, Bu X, Xu R, Fan R (2012) A novel multifunctional nanocomposite C225-conjugated Fe3O4/Ag enhances the sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to radiotherapy. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 44(8):678–684

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Aillon KL, Xie Y, El-Gendy N, Berkland CJ, Forrest ML (2009) Effects of nanomaterial physicochemical properties on in vivo toxicity. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 61:457–466

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA

    Ajlan Al Zaki

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    David Cormode & Jay F. Dorsey

  3. Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Andrew Tsourkas

Authors
  1. Ajlan Al Zaki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. David Cormode
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Andrew Tsourkas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jay F. Dorsey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jay F. Dorsey .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Philip J. Tofilon

  2. 1Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Kevin Camphausen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Al Zaki, A., Cormode, D., Tsourkas, A., Dorsey, J.F. (2017). Increasing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Radiotherapy Using Nanoparticles. In: Tofilon, P., Camphausen, K. (eds) Increasing the Therapeutic Ratio of Radiotherapy. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40854-5_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40854-5_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40852-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40854-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation