Skip to main content

Fast Cube Tests for LIA Constraint Solving

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Automated Reasoning (IJCAR 2016)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 9706))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

We present two tests that solve linear integer arithmetic constraints. These tests are sound and efficiently find solutions for a large number of problems. While many complete methods search along the problem surface for a solution, these tests use cubes to explore the interior of the problems. The tests are especially efficient for constraints with a large number of integer solutions, e.g., those with infinite lattice width. Inside the SMT-LIB benchmarks, we have found almost one thousand problem instances with infinite lattice width, and we have shown the advantage of our cube tests on these instances by comparing our implementation of the cube test with several state-of-the-art SMT solvers. Our implementation is not only several orders of magnitudes faster, but it also solves all instances, which most SMT solvers do not. Finally, we discovered an additional application for our cube tests: the extraction of equalities implied by a system of linear arithmetic inequalities. This extraction is useful both as a preprocessing step for linear integer constraint solving as well as for the combination of theories by the Nelson-Oppen method.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.spass-prover.org/spass-iq.

References

  1. Barrett, C., Conway, C.L., Deters, M., Hadarean, L., Jovanović, D., King, T., Reynolds, A., Tinelli, C.: CVC4. In: Gopalakrishnan, G., Qadeer, S. (eds.) CAV 2011. LNCS, vol. 6806, pp. 171–177. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Bobot, F., Conchon, S., Contejean, E., Iguernelala, M., Mahboubi, A., Mebsout, A., Melquiond, G.: A simplex-based extension of Fourier-Motzkin for solving linear integer arithmetic. In: Gramlich, B., Miller, D., Sattler, U. (eds.) IJCAR 2012. LNCS, vol. 7364, pp. 67–81. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Boyd, S., Vandenberghe, L.: Convex Optimization. Cambridge University Press, New York (2004)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Bromberger, M., Sturm, T., Weidenbach, C.: Linear integer arithmetic revisited. In: Felty, A.P., Middeldorp, A. (eds.) Automated Deduction - CADE-25. LNCS, vol. 9195, pp. 623–637. Springer, Heidelberg (2015)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Cimatti, A., Griggio, A., Schaafsma, B.J., Sebastiani, R.: The MathSAT5 SMT solver. In: Piterman, N., Smolka, S.A. (eds.) TACAS 2013 (ETAPS 2013). LNCS, vol. 7795, pp. 93–107. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. de Moura, L., Bjørner, N.S.: Z3: an efficient SMT solver. In: Ramakrishnan, C.R., Rehof, J. (eds.) TACAS 2008. LNCS, vol. 4963, pp. 337–340. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Dillig, I., Dillig, T., Aiken, A.: Cuts from proofs: a complete and practical technique for solving linear inequalities over integers. In: Bouajjani, A., Maler, O. (eds.) CAV 2009. LNCS, vol. 5643, pp. 233–247. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Dutertre, B.: Yices 2.2. In: Biere, A., Bloem, R. (eds.) CAV 2014. LNCS, vol. 8559, pp. 737–744. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Dutertre, B., de Moura, L.: A fast linear-arithmetic solver for DPLL(T). In: Ball, T., Jones, R.B. (eds.) CAV 2006. LNCS, vol. 4144, pp. 81–94. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Ehrgott, M.: Scalarization techniques. In: Multicriteria Optimization, pp. 97–126. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Faure, G., Nieuwenhuis, R., Oliveras, A., Rodríguez-Carbonell, E.: SAT modulo the theory of linear arithmetic: exact, inexact and commercial solvers. In: Kleine Büning, H., Zhao, X. (eds.) SAT 2008. LNCS, vol. 4996, pp. 77–90. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Griggio, A.: A practical approach to satisfiability modulo linear integer arithmetic. JSAT 8((1/2)), 1–27 (2012)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Hillier, F.S.: Efficient heuristic procedures for integer linear programming with an interior. Oper. Res. 17(4), 600–637 (1969)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Jovanović, D., de Moura, L.: Cutting to the chase. JAR 51(1), 79–108 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Jünger, M., Liebling, T.M., Naddef, D., Nemhauser, G.L., Pulleyblank, W.R., Reinelt, G., Rinaldi, G., Wolsey, L.A. (eds.): 50 Years of Integer Programming 1958–2008: From the Early Years to the State-of-the-Art. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kannan, R., Lovász, L.: Covering minima and lattice point free convex bodies. In: Nori, K. (ed.) FSTTCS. LNCS, vol. 241, pp. 193–213. Springer, Heidelberg (1986)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Karmarkar, N.: A new polynomial-time algorithm for linear programming. Combinatorica 4(4), 373–396 (1984)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Papadimitriou, C.H.: On the complexity of integer programming. J. ACM 28(4), 765–768 (1981)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Martin Bromberger .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Bromberger, M., Weidenbach, C. (2016). Fast Cube Tests for LIA Constraint Solving. In: Olivetti, N., Tiwari, A. (eds) Automated Reasoning. IJCAR 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9706. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40229-1_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40229-1_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40228-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40229-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics