Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Video Data Collection and Video Analyses in CSCL Research

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
International Handbook of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning

Part of the book series: Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Series ((CULS,volume 19))

Abstract

The purpose of this chapter is to examine significant advances in the collection and analysis of video data in computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) research. We demonstrate how video-based studies create robust and dynamic research processes. The chapter starts with an overview of how video analysis developed within CSCL by way of its pioneering roots. Linked throughout the chapter are the theoretical, methodological, and technological advances that keep advancing CSCL research. Specific empirical and experimental research examples will illustrate current and future advances in data collection, transformation, coding, and analysis. Research benefits and challenges that include the current state of understanding from observations of single, multiple, or 360° camera recordings will also be featured. In addition, eye-tracking and virtual reality environments for collecting and analyzing video data are discussed as they become new foci for future CSCL research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Akçayır, M., & Akçayır, G. (2017). Advantages and challenges associated with augmented reality for education: A systematic review of the literature. Educational Research Review, 20, 1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alemdag, E., & Cagiltay, K. (2018). A systematic review of eye tracking research on multimedia learning. Computers & Education, 125, 413–428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azuma, R., Baillot, Y., Behringer, R., Feiner, S., Julier, S., & MacIntyre, B. (2001). Recent advances in augmented reality. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 21(6), 34–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barron, B. (2003). When smart groups fail. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 12(3), 307–359.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, S., Kunert, A., Kulik, A., & Froehlich, B. (2013). Immersive group-to-group telepresence. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 19(4), 616–625.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blikstad-Balas, M. (2017). Key challenges of using video when investigating social practices in education: Contextualization, magnification, and representation. International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 40(5), 511–523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brauner, E., Boos, M., & Kolbe, M. (Eds.). (2018). The Cambridge handbook of group interaction analysis. Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chiu, M. M., & Reimann, P. (this volume). Statistical and stochastic analysis of sequence data. In U. Cress, C. Rosé, A. F. Wise, & J. Oshima (Eds.), International handbook of computer-supported collaborative learning. Cham: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cobb, P., & Whitenack, J. W. (1996). A method for conducting longitudinal analyses of classroom videorecordings and transcripts. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 30(3), 213–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davidsen, J., & Ryberg, T. (2017). “This is the size of one meter”: Children’s bodily-material collaboration. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 12(1), 65–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Derry, S. J., Pea, R. D., Barron, B., Engle, R. A., Erickson, F., Goldman, R., Hall, R., Koschmann, T., Lemke, J. L., Sherin, M. G., & Sherin, B. L. (2010). Conducting video research in the learning sciences: Guidance on selection, analysis, technology, and ethics. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 19(1), 3–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunleavy, M., Dede, C., & Mitchell, R. (2009). Affordances and limitations of immersive participatory augmented reality simulations for teaching and learning. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 18(1), 7–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erickson, F. (2011). Uses of video in social research: A brief history. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 14(3), 179–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of cultures. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, R. (2007a). Orion™, an online digital video analysis tool: Changing our perspectives as an interpretive community. In R. Goldman, R. Pea, B. Barron, & S. Derry (Eds.), (pp. 507–520). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum/Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, R. (2007b). Video representations and the perspectivity framework: epistemology ethnography, evaluation and ethics. In R. Goldman, R. Pea, B. Barron, & S. Derry (Eds.), Video research in the learning sciences (pp. 3–38). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum/Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, R., & Dong, C. (2007). Using Orion™ and the perspectivity framework for video analysis to interpret events: The CSCL’05 video exemplar. In The Computer Supported Collaborative Learning 2007 Conference (pp. 16–25). Rutgers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, R., Zahn, C., & Derry, S. (2014). Frontiers of digital video research in the learning sciences: Mapping the terrain. In R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldman-Segall, R. (1998). Points of viewing children’s thinking: A digital ethnographer’s journey. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum/Routledge. With accompanying online video vignettes and commentary tools.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwald, S., Kulik, A., Kunert, A., Beck, S., Frohlich, B., Cobb, S., Parsons, S., Newbutt, N., Gouveia, C., Cook, C., Snyder, A., Payne, S., Holland, J., Buessing, S., Fields, G., Corning, W., Lee, V., Xia, L., & Maes, P. (2017). Technology and applications for collaborative learning in virtual reality. In B. Smith, M. Borge, E. Mercier, & K. Y. Lim (Eds.), Making a difference: Prioritizing equity and access in CSCL, 12th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) 2017 (Vol. 2, pp. 719–726). International Society of the Learning Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koschmann, T., Stahl, G., & Zemel, A. (2007). The video analyst’s manifesto (or the implications of Garfinkel’s policies for studying instructional practice in design-based research). In R. Goldman, R. Pea, B. Barron, & S. Derry (Eds.), Video research in the learning sciences (pp. 133–143). Mahwah, NJ: LEA/Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kulik, A., Kunert, A., Beck, S., Reichel, R., Blach, R., Zink, A., & Froehlich, B. (2011). C1x6: A stereoscopic six-user display for co-located collaboration in shared virtual environments. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 30(6), 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lai, M.-L., Tsai, M.-J., Yang, F.-Y., Hsu, C.-Y., Liu, T.-C., Lee, S. W.-Y., Lee, M.-H., Chiou, G.-L., Liang, J.-C., & Tsai, C.-C. (2013). A review of using eye-tracking technology in exploring learning from 2000 to 2012. Educational Research Review, 10, 90–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, B., Zhang, Y., Zheng, X., Huang, X., Zhang, S., & He, J. (2019). A smart eye tracking system for virtual reality. In 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Biomedical Conference (IMBioC) (Vol. 1, pp. 1–3). IEEE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayr, E., Knipfer, K., & Wessel, D. (2009). In-sights into mobile learning: An exploration of mobile eye tracking methodology for learning in museums. In G. Vavoula, N. Pachler, & A. Kukulska-Hulme (Eds.), Researching mobile learning: Frameworks, methods, and research designs (pp. 189–204). Peter Lang.

    Google Scholar 

  • McIlvenny, P. (2018). Inhabiting spatial video and audio data: Towards a scenographic turn in the analysis of social interaction. Social Interaction. Video-Based Studies of Human Sociality, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.7146/si.v2i1.110409.

  • McIlvenny, P., & Davidsen, J. (2017). A big video manifesto: Re-sensing video and audio. Nordicom Information, 39(2), 15–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mead, M. (1973). Changing styles of anthropological work. Annual Review of Anthropology, 2, 1–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Näykki, P., Isohätälä, J., Järvelä, S., Pöysä-Tarhonen, J., & Häkkinen, P. (2017). Facilitating socio-cognitive and socio-emotional monitoring in collaborative learning with a regulation macro script–an exploratory study. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 12(3), 251–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pea, R. D., & Hoffert, E. (2007). Video workflow in the learning sciences: Prospects of emerging technologies for augmenting work practices. In R. Goldman, R. Pea, B. Barron, & S. J. Derry (Eds.), Video research in the learning sciences (pp. 427–460). Mahwah, NJ: LEA/Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell, A. B., Francisco, J. M., & Mager, C. A. (2003). An analytical model for studying the development of learners’ mathematical ideas and reasoning using videotape data. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 22, 405–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rack, O., Zahn, C., & Bleisch, S. (2019). Do you see us?—Applied visual analytics for the investigation of group coordination. Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO), 50, 53–60. [Group. Interaction. Organisation. Journal of Applied Organisational Psychology].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salzmann, H., Moehring, M., & Froehlich, B. (2009). Virtual vs. real-world pointing in two-user scenarios. In Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference (pp. 127–130). IEEE Computer Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanchez-Cortes, D., Aran, O., Mast, M. S., & Gatica-Perez, D. (2012). A nonverbal behavior approach to identify emergent leaders in small groups. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 14(3), 816–832.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sawyer, K. (2008). Group genius: The creative power of collaboration. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, B., & Pea, R. (2013). Real-time mutual gaze perception enhances collaborative learning and collaboration quality. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 8(4), 375–397.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, B., & Pea, R. (2014). Toward collaboration sensing. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 9(4), 371–395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, B., Sharma, K., Cuendet, S., Zufferey, G., Dillenbourg, P., & Pea, R. (2016). Using mobile eye-trackers to unpack the perceptual benefits of a tangible user interface for collaborative learning. ACM Transaction on Computer-Human Interaction, 23(6), 1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, B., Worsley, M., & Martinez-Maldonado, R. (this volume). Gesture and gaze: Multimodal data in dyadic interactions. In U. Cress, C. Rosé, A. F. Wise, & J. Oshima (Eds.), International handbook of computer-supported collaborative learning. Cham: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seidel, T., Prenzel, M., & Kobarg, M. (Eds.). (2005). How to run a video study. Technical report of the IPN video study. Münster: Waxmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, B. R. (2019). Integrative visualization: exploring data collected in collaborative learning contexts. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) (Vol. 1, pp. 184–191). International Society of the Learning Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, B. R., & Hall, R. (2018). Personal curation in a museum. In Proceedings of the ACM in Human-Computer Interaction, CSCW (Vol. 2, Article 158). ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, K., Jermann, P., Dillenbourg, P., Prieto, L. P., D’Angelo, S., Gergle, D., Schneider, B., Rau, M., Pardos, Z., & Rummel, N. (2017). CSCL and eye-tracking: Experiences, opportunities and challenges. In B. K. Smith, M. Borge, E. Mercier, & K. Y. Lim (Eds.), Making a difference: Prioritizing equity and access in CSCL, 12th international conference on computer supported collaborative learning (CSCL) 2017 (Vol. 2). International Society of the Learning Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinha, S., Rogat, T. K., Adams-Wiggins, K. R., & Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2015). Collaborative group engagement in a computer-supported inquiry learning environment. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 10(3), 273–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stahl, G., Law, N., & Hesse, F. (2013). Reigniting CSCL flash themes. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 8(4), 369–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Statista. (2018). Number of active virtual reality users worldwide from 2014 to 2018 (in millions). Retrieved November 27, 2018, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/426469/active-virtual-reality-users-worldwide/

  • Steier, R., Shapiro, B. R., Christidou, D., Pierroux, P., Davidsen, J., & Hall, R. (2019). Tools and methods for ‘4E Analysis’: New lenses for analyzing interaction in CSCL. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) (Vol. 2, pp. 759–766). International Society of the Learning Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stigler, J. W., Gonzales, P., Kwanaka, T., Knoll, S., & Serrano, A. (1999). The TIMSS videotape classroom study: Methods and findings from an exploratory research project on eighth-grade mathematics instruction in Germany, Japan, and the United States. A research and development report (National Center for Education Statistics Report No. NCES 99-0974). U. S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vogler, J. S., Schallert, D. L., Jordan, M. E., Song, K., Sander, A. J. Z., Chiang, Y. Y. T., Lee, J.-E., Park, J. H., & Yu, L.-T. (2017). Life history of a topic in an online discussion: A complex systems theory perspective on how one message attracts class members to create meaning collaboratively. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 12, 173–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11412-017-9255-9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • vom Lehn, D., & Heath, C. (2007). Social interaction in museums and galleries: a note on video-based field studies. In R. Goldman, R. Pea, B. Barron, & S. Derry (Eds.), Video research in the learning sciences (pp. 287–301). Mahwah: LEA/Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wessel, D., Mayr, E., & Knipfer, K. (2007). Re-viewing the museum visitors view. In G. N. Vavoula, A. Kukulska-Hulme, & N. Pachler (Eds.), Research methods in informal and mobile learning (pp. 17–23). WLE Centre.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoon, S. A., Elinich, K., Wang, J., Steinmeier, C., & Tucker, S. (2012). Using augmented reality and knowledge-building scaffolds to improve learning in a science museum. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 7(4), 519–541.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zahn, C. (2017). Digital design and learning: Cognitive-constructivist perspectives. In S. Schwan & U. Cress (Eds.), The psychology of digital learning. Constructing, exchanging, and acquiring knowledge with digital media. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahn, C., Pea, R., Hesse, F. W., & Rosen, J. (2010). Comparing simple and advanced video tools as supports for complex collaborative design processes. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 19(3), 403–440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zemel, A., & Koschmann, T. (2013). Recalibrating reference within a dual-space interaction environment. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 8, 65–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng, L., Huang, R., & Yu, J. (2014). Identifying computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) research in selected journals published from 2003 to 2012: A content analysis of research topics and issues. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 17(4), 335.

    Google Scholar 

Further Readings

  • Blikstad-Balas, M. (2017). Key challenges of using video when investigating social practices in education: Contextualization, magnification, and representation. International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 40(5), 511–523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Derry, S. J., Pea, R. D., Barron, B., Engle, R. A., Erickson, F., Goldman, R., Hall, R., Koschmann, T., Lemke, J. L., Sherin, M. G., & Sherin, B. L. (2010). Conducting video research in the learning sciences: Guidance on selection, analysis, technology, and ethics. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 19(1), 3–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, R., Zahn, C., & Derry, S. (2014). Frontiers of digital video research in the learning sciences: Mapping the terrain. In R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences (2nd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Näykki, P., Isohätälä, J., Järvelä, S., Pöysä-Tarhonen, J., & Häkkinen, P. (2017). Facilitating socio-cognitive and socio-emotional monitoring in collaborative learning with a regulation macro script–an exploratory study. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 12(3), 251–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, B., & Pea, R. (2013). Real-time mutual gaze perception enhances collaborative learning and collaboration quality. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 8(4), 375–397.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Applied Psychology, Olten, Switzerland

    Carmen Zahn & Alessia Ruf

  2. NYU Steinhardt - Educational Communication and Technology, New York, NY, USA

    Ricki Goldman

Authors
  1. Carmen Zahn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alessia Ruf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ricki Goldman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carmen Zahn .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany

    Ulrike Cress

  2. Language Technologies Institute and Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Carolyn Rosé

  3. Department of Administration Leadership, and Technology, New York University, New York, NY, USA

    Alyssa Friend Wise

  4. Faculty of Informatics, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka, Japan

    Jun Oshima

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Zahn, C., Ruf, A., Goldman, R. (2021). Video Data Collection and Video Analyses in CSCL Research. In: Cress, U., Rosé, C., Wise, A.F., Oshima, J. (eds) International Handbook of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning. Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Series, vol 19. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65291-3_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65291-3_35

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-65290-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-65291-3

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation