Skip to main content

Analyzing Data: Approaches to Thematic Analysis

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Healthcare Simulation Research

Abstract

In this chapter, we focus our attention on qualitative research related to healthcare simulation. This chapter explores two related approaches to analysing qualitative data – thematic analysis and qualitative content analysis. Both of these methods are commonly used in qualitative research, and are considered relatively accessible forms of analysis. We provide a logical approach to their use offering references and a worked example. In addition to introducing the each method, we discuss how to ensure rigour and trustworthiness in your research. These issues form an essential part of any qualitative approach.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mattick K, Johnston J, de la Croix A. How to...write a good research question. Clin Teach. 2018;15(2):104–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Tracey S. Qualitative quality: eight “big tent” criteria for excellent qualitative research. Qual Inq. 2010;16(10):837–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Battista A. Activity theory and analyzing learning in simulations. Simul Gaming. 2015;46(2):187–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Battista A. An activity theory perspective of how scenario-based simulations support learning: a descriptive analysis. Adv Simul. 2017;2:23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Fenwick T, Dahlgren MA. Towards socio-material approaches in simulation-based education: lessons from complexity theory. Med Educ. 2015;49(4):359–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gormley GJ, Fenwick T. Learning to manage complexity through simulation: students’ challenges and possible strategies. Perspect Med Educ. 2016;5(3):138–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Braun V, Clarke V. Successful qualitative research: a practical guide for beginners. London: SAGE; 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  8. King N, Brooks J. Template analysis for business and management students. London: SAGE; 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  9. King N. Doing template analysis. In: Symon G, Cassell C, editors. Qualitative organizational research: core methods and current challenges. London: SAGE; 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ritchie J, Spencer L. Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research. In: Bryman A, Burgess R, editors. Analysing qualitative data. Routledge: London; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 2006;3:77–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Hsieh H, Shannon S. Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res. 2005;15(9):1277–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Vaismoradi M, Turenen H, Bondas T. Content analysis and thematic analysis: implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study. Nurs Health Sci. 2013;15:398–405.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Corr M, et al. Living with ‘melanoma’ … for a day: a phenomenological analysis of medical students’ simulated experiences. Br J Dermatol. 2017;177(3):771–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ross AJ, et al. Review of simulation studies in anaesthesia journals, 2001–2010: mapping and content analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2012;109(1):99–109.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Additional Resources

  • Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ)’ Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19(6):349–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King N. Doing template analysis. In: Symon G, Cassell C, editors. Qualitative organizational research: core methods and current challenges. London: Sage; 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 2006;3:258–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie J, Spencer L. Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research. In: Bryman A, Burgess RG, editors. Analysing qualitative data. London: Routledge; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thematic analysis website: lhttps://www.psych.auckland.ac.nz/en/about/our-research/research-groups/thematic-analysis.html

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aaron W. Calhoun .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Gormley, G.J., Kearney, G.P., Johnston, J.L., Calhoun, A.W., Nestel, D. (2019). Analyzing Data: Approaches to Thematic Analysis. In: Nestel, D., Hui, J., Kunkler, K., Scerbo, M., Calhoun, A. (eds) Healthcare Simulation Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26837-4_19

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics