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Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Agglomerated Spherical Zirconium Phosphate for Removal of Cs+ and Sr2+ Ions from Aqueous System

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Applications of Ion Exchange Materials in the Environment

Abstract

Crystalline and agglomerated spherical alpha zirconium phosphate nanoparticles hereafter α-ZrP were synthesized by a facile and rapid microwave-hydrothermal (MW-HT) approach within 30 min at 120 °C in the absence of any complexing or structure directing agent (SDA). The material was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), powdered X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis (EDS) and surface area analysis (BET). It crystallizes in the monoclinic P121/n1 space group with the following cell parameters: a = 5.288, b = 9.174, c = 15.384 Å and β = 102.384. Crystallite sizes in the range 3–4 nm evaluated using Scherer equation were obtained for α-ZrP. Ion exchange performance of α-ZrP towards removal of Cs+ and Sr2+ ions was examined under noncompetitive batch conditions. Distribution studies indicate higher selectivity of α-ZrP towards Sr2+ uptake (Kd ca. 4.3 × 104) in comparison with Cs+ (Kd ca. 2.4 × 103). This study suggested to agglomerated α-ZrP as potential adsorbent for the removal of radioactive Sr2+ from acidic wastewater.

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Abbreviations

AAS:

Atomic absorption spectroscopy

BET:

Surface area analysis

CP:

Co-precipitation

DFT:

Density functional theory

EDS:

Energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis

FT-IR:

Fourier transform infrared

IEC:

Ion exchange capacity

K d :

Distribution coefficient

MW-HT:

Microwave hydrothermal

PXRD:

Powdered X-ray diffraction

PZC:

Point of zero charge

SDA:

Structure directing agents

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

ZrP:

Zirconium Phosphate

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Head Department of Chemistry, the University of Kashmir for providing all the necessary facilities to carry out this work. We would also like to thank Mainak Roy and S. N. Achary, Chemistry Division, BARC, Mumbai for their help with PXRD and FT-IR studies. A. B. would like to thank the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), GOI, for financial assistance in the form of a Junior Research Fellowship (JRF). G. N. thanks the DST, GOI, for a research grant for carrying out this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Arshid Bashir, Lateef Ahmad Malik & Altaf Hussain Pandith

  2. Department of Physics, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    G. N. Dar

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  1. Arshid Bashir
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  2. Lateef Ahmad Malik
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  3. G. N. Dar
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  4. Altaf Hussain Pandith
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Correspondence to Altaf Hussain Pandith .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Inamuddin

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Mohd Imran Ahamed

  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah M. Asiri

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Bashir, A., Malik, L.A., Dar, G.N., Pandith, A.H. (2019). Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Agglomerated Spherical Zirconium Phosphate for Removal of Cs+ and Sr2+ Ions from Aqueous System. In: Inamuddin, Ahamed, M., Asiri, A. (eds) Applications of Ion Exchange Materials in the Environment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10430-6_5

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