Abstract
Treatments for neurodegenerative diseases have little impact on the long-term patient health. However, cellular transplants of neuroblasts derived from the aborted embryonic brain tissue in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders and in patients have demonstrated survival and functionality in the brain. However, ethical and functional problems due to the use of this fetal tissue stopped most of the clinical trials. Therefore, new cell sources were needed, and scientists focused on neural (NSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). When transplanted in the brain of animals with Parkinson’s or Huntington’s disease, NSCs and MSCs were able to induce partial functional recovery by promoting neuroprotection and immunomodulation. MSCs are more readily accessible than NSCs due to sources such as the bone marrow. However, MSCs are not capable of differentiating into neurons in vivo where NSCs are. Thus, transplantation of NSCs and MSCs is interesting for brain regenerative medicine. In this chapter, we detail the methods for NSCs and MSCs isolation as well as the transplantation procedures used to treat rodent models of neurodegenerative damage.
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Acknowledgments
The nestin monoclonal antibody developed by Susan Hockfield was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank. This work was supported by the “Association Française contre les Myopathies” (AFM-France), the “Fédération des Groupements de Parkinsoniens-CECAP-France,” L’Association Huntington France, and Progreffe Foundation (INSERM U643).
D. Michel-Monigadon and F. Lelan were supported during their Ph.D. thesis by INSERM/Région Pays de la Loire. V. Bonnamain and Julien Rossignol were supported during their Ph.D. thesis by the Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche and from Progreffe Foundation.
Xavier Lévêque was supported by the University of Nantes during his postdoctoral stay. Gary Dunbar was supported by the Field Neurosciences Institute and John G. Kulhavi Professorship. All members of CMU were also supported by the Field Neurosciences Institute.
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Lescaudron, L. et al. (2012). Assessing the Potential Clinical Utility of Transplantations of Neural and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases. In: Singh, S. (eds) Somatic Stem Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 879. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-815-3_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-815-3_10
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