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Overview of Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics: Opportunities and Challenges

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Mass Spectrometry in Metabolomics

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1198))

Abstract

The field of metabolomics has witnessed an exponential growth in the last decade driven by important applications spanning a wide range of areas in the basic and life sciences and beyond. Mass spectrometry in combination with chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance are the two major analytical avenues for the analysis of metabolic species in complex biological mixtures. Owing to its inherent significantly higher sensitivity and fast data acquisition, MS plays an increasingly dominant role in the metabolomics field. Propelled by the need to develop simple methods to diagnose and manage the numerous and widespread human diseases, mass spectrometry has witnessed tremendous growth with advances in instrumentation, experimental methods, software, and databases. In response, the metabolomics field has moved far beyond qualitative methods and simple pattern recognition approaches to a range of global and targeted quantitative approaches that are now routinely used and provide reliable data, which instill greater confidence in the derived inferences. Powerful isotope labeling and tracing methods have become very popular. The newly emerging ambient ionization techniques such as desorption ionization and rapid evaporative ionization have allowed direct MS analysis in real time, as well as new MS imaging approaches. While the MS-based metabolomics has provided insights into metabolic pathways and fluxes, and metabolite biomarkers associated with numerous diseases, the increasing realization of the extremely high complexity of biological mixtures underscores numerous challenges including unknown metabolite identification, biomarker validation, and interlaboratory reproducibility that need to be dealt with for realization of the full potential of MS-based metabolomics. This chapter provides a glimpse at the current status of the mass spectrometry-based metabolomics field highlighting the opportunities and challenges.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge financial support from NIH (National Institute of General Medical Sciences NIH 2R01GM085291).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA

    G. A. Nagana Gowda & Danijel Djukovic

Authors
  1. G. A. Nagana Gowda
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  2. Danijel Djukovic
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. A. Nagana Gowda .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Washington Fred Hutchinson Cancer Rsrch Ctr, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Daniel Raftery

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Gowda, G.A.N., Djukovic, D. (2014). Overview of Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics: Opportunities and Challenges. In: Raftery, D. (eds) Mass Spectrometry in Metabolomics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1198. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1258-2_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1258-2_1

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1257-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1258-2

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