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Taurine Release from Mouse Hippocampal Slices: Effects of Glutamatergic Substances and Hypoxia

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Taurine in Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 359))

Abstract

The hippocampus is involved in many important functions, including generation of long-term potentiation, memory formation, learning, arousal, emotions and regulation of autonomic functions. Since the major part of excitatory innervation uses glutamate as transmitter in the hippocampus (8), this region contains a high density of glutamate receptors (26). The activity of this excitatory network is modulated by GABA, the main inhibitory transmitter released by local interneurons (11, 12). The structural analogue of GABA, taurine, found at high concentrations in the hippocampus (15, 21, 31), inhibits CA1 pyramidal neurons, increasing chloride conductance and causing hyperpolarization (42). Taurine-like immunoreactivity has been localized in interneurons, pyramidal neurons and dentate granule cells in the rat hippocampus (5, 22). The taurine-synthesizing enzyme cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase has also been identified in pyramidal basket interneurons (42). Despite the above findings no specific function has been assigned for taurine in the hippocampus.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tampere Brain Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Box 607, SF-33101, Tampere, Finland

    Pirjo Saransaari & Simo S. Oja

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  1. Pirjo Saransaari
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  2. Simo S. Oja
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA

    Ryan J. Huxtable

  2. University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

    Dietrich Michalk

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Saransaari, P., Oja, S.S. (1994). Taurine Release from Mouse Hippocampal Slices: Effects of Glutamatergic Substances and Hypoxia. In: Huxtable, R.J., Michalk, D. (eds) Taurine in Health and Disease. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 359. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1471-2_28

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1471-2_28

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-1473-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-1471-2

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