Abstract
The adjuvant activity of dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA), a low molecular weight (631) lipoid amine composed of two 18 carbon long alkyl chains and two methyl groups, all bound to a positively charged quaternary ammonium molecule, was discovered by Gall in a survey of more than 100 chemicals (Gall, 1966). Since 1966 many papers were published showing the efficacy of DDA as an adjuvant for protein antigens (Veronesi et al, 1970; Stanfield et al, 1973), haptens (Dailey and Hunter, 1974; Snippe et al, 1977; Snippe et al 1977), tumors (Prager and Gordon, 1978), viruses (Kraaij eveld et al, 1980; Katz et al, 1991; Kraaijeveld et al, 1983; Smith and Ziola, 1986; Molitor et al, 1984/85; Rijke et al, 1988; Katz et al, 1992; Katz et al, 1993; Katz et al, 1994), protozoa (Lilleloch et al, 1993; Desowitz and Barnwell, 1980) and bacteria (Andersen, 1994).
In commemoration of our colleague the late Dr. Haim Schupper.
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Katz, D. et al. (1996). Unique Immunomodulating Properties of Dimethyl Dioctadecyl Ammonium Bromide (DDA) in Experimental Viral Vaccines. In: Cohen, S., Shafferman, A. (eds) Novel Strategies in the Design and Production of Vaccines. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 397. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1382-1_16
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