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The Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System: An Evolving Concept in the Neurobiology of the Forebrain

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Activation to Acquisition

Abstract

The basal forebrain cholinergic system (BFCS) is the cholinergic component of a broader population of conspicuous neurons in the basal forebrain, recently retermed the basal forebrain magnocellular complex (BFMC) (Hedreen et al., 1984; Koliatsos et al., in press, a). These neurons, which are large (15–18 × 20–30 μm in the rat; ca. 40 × 50 μm in the human), isodendritic, and intensely basophilic, are located in the medial septum, diagonal band of Broca (DBB), substantia innominata, and substriatal gray substance (Kimura et al., 1981; Hedreen et al., 1983; Mesulam et al., 1983b, 1984; Arendt et al., 1986; Dinopoulos et al., 1986; Mesulam and Geula, 1988). Individual cells of the BFMC project to restricted zones within cortex (Table I) (iso- and mesocortex) and limbic structures (hippocampus, piriform cortex, basolateral amygdala) and to the olfactory bulb. In various telencephalic targets of the system, terminal fields of these cells are organized differently, both in terms of cholinergic fiber densities and the extent of terminal domains of individual neurons (Koliatsos et al., in press, a).

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Authors
  1. Vassilis E. Koliatsos
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  2. Donald L. Price
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  1. Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA

    Russell T. Richardson

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Koliatsos, V.E., Price, D.L. (1991). The Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System: An Evolving Concept in the Neurobiology of the Forebrain. In: Richardson, R.T. (eds) Activation to Acquisition. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0556-9_2

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