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The Pathway of Endocytosis

  • Chapter
Endocytosis

Abstract

One of the fundamental properties of living cells is their ability to sense and respond to their external environment. This is accomplished by a specific set of proteins on the cell surface that are defined as receptors. Molecules in the extracellular fluid bind to these receptors and in most cases are rapidly taken into the cells. This overall process is called receptor-mediated endocytosis. A wide variety of molecules have been observed to enter cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. These include hormones, growth factors, transport proteins that carry cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein) or iron (transferrin), proteins modified for degradation such as protease-α2-macroglobulin complexes or asialoglycoprotens (in humans) and some antibodies. In addition to these physiologically important molecules, two groups of foreign substances often enter cells by this pathway: toxins and viruses. Materials present in the extracellular fluid for which the cell lacks specific receptors also enter cells by the same pathway, but in an unconcentrated form.

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  1. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20205, USA

    Ira Pastan & Mark C. Willingham

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  1. Ira Pastan
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  1. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 20205, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

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© 1985 Plenum Press, New York

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Pastan, I., Willingham, M.C. (1985). The Pathway of Endocytosis. In: Pastan, I., Willingham, M.C. (eds) Endocytosis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6904-6_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6904-6_1

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