Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Excitatory Amino Acid Receptors in the Rat Cochlear Nucleus

  • Chapter
The Mammalian Cochlear Nuclei

Part of the book series: NATO ASI series ((NSSA,volume 239))

Abstract

The neurotransmitters of the cochlear nucleus (CN) have received considerable attention, but probably the most important class of neurotransmitters, the excitatory amino acids (EAAs), is also the least understood not only in the CN, but throughout the central nervous system. They have been difficult to study on essentially all levels, including measurement of the amino acids themselves, their biosynthesis and degradation, release, and postsynaptic receptors. With the exception of neuropeptides, EAAs appear to be the last major class of neurotransmitters to be identified even though it is now commonly believed that most excitatory synapses in the central nervous system use an EAA as a neurotransmitter. Many attempts were made to identify a marker that could be used for selectively localizing EAA releasing neurons. Several useful markers were identified, including glutamate and aspartate themselves, uptake of radioactive EAAs, and enzymes in the metabolism of glutamate and aspartate, but no reliable method, which worked in all cases, was found.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aitkin, L.M., 1989, The auditory system, in: “Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Vol. 7: Integrated Systems of the CNS, Part II,” A. Björklund, T. Hökfelt and L.W. Swanson, Eds., Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, pp. 165–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altschuler, R.A., Wenthold, R.J., Schwartz, A.M., W.G. Haser, W.G., Curthoys, N.P., Parakkal, M. and Fex, J., 1984, Immunocytochemical localization of glutaminase-like immunoreactivity in the auditory nerve, Brain Res., 291:173.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Altschuler, R.A., Hoffman, D.W. and Wenthold, R.J., 1986, Neurotransmitters of the cochlea and cochlear nucleus: Immunocytochemical evidence, Am. J. Otolaryngol., 7:100.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez-Bolado, G. and Merchán, J., 1988, Synaptic endfeet in the ‘acoustic nerve nucleus’ of the rat. An electron microscope study, J. Anat., 159:19.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benson, T.E. and Ryugo, D.R., 1987, Axons of presumptive type-II spiral ganglion neurons synapse with granule cells of the cat cochlear nucleus, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 13:1258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bettler, B., Boulter, J., Hermans-Borgmeyer, I., O’Shea-Greenfield, A., Deneris, E.S., Moll, C., Borgmeyer, U., Hollmann, M. and Heinemann, S., 1990, Cloning of a novel glutamate receptor subunit, GluR5: Expression in the nervous system during development, Neuron, 5:583.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackstad, T.W., Osen, K.K. and Mugnaini, E., 1984, Pyramidal neurones of the dorsal cochlear nucleus: A Golgi and computer reconstruction study in cat, Neuroscience, 13:827.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boulter, J., Hollmann, M., O’Shea-Greenfield, A., Hartley, M., Deneris, E., Maron, C. and Heinemann, S., 1990, Molecular cloning and functional expression of glutamate receptor genes, Science, 249:1033.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, M.C., Berglund, A.M., Kiang, N.Y.S. and Ryugo, D.K., 1988, Central trajectories of type II spiral ganglion neurons, J. Comp. Neurol. 278:581.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cant, N.B. and Morest, D.K., 1984, The structural basis for stimulus coding in the cochlear nucleus of the cat, in: “Hearing Science: Recent Advances,” C.I. Berlin, ed., College-Hill Press, San Diego, pp.371–421.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caspary, D.M., Rybak, L.P. and Faingold, C.L., 1985, The effects of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission on the response properties of brainstem auditory neurons, in: “Auditory Biochemistry,” D.G. Drescher, ed., Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, pp. 198–226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi, D.W., 1987, Ionic dependence of glutamate neurotoxicity, J. Neurosci., 7:369.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cline, H.T. and Constantine-Paton, M., 1989, NMD A receptor antagonists disrupt the retinotectal map, Neuron, 3:413.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dawson, T.L., Nicholas, R.A. and Dingledine, R., 1990, Homomeric GluR1 excitatory amino acid receptors expressed in Xenopus Oocytes, Mol. Pharmacol., 38:779.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dyson, S.E., Warton, S.S. and Cockman, B., 1991, Volumetric and histological changes in the cochlear nuclei of visually deprived rats: A possible morphological basis for intermodal sensory compensation, J. Comp. Neurol., 307:39.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Egebjerg, J., Bettler, B., Hermans-Borgmeyer, I. and Heinemann, S., 1991, Cloning of a cDNA for a glutamate receptor subunit activated by kainate but not AMPA, Nature, 351:745.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feldman, M.L. and Peters, A., 1972, Intranuclear rods and sheets in rat cochlear nucleus, J. Neurocytol., 1:109.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foster, A. and Fagg, G.E., 1984, Acidic amino acid binding sites in mammalian neuronal membranes: Their characteristics and relationship to synaptic receptors, Brain Res. Rev., 7:103.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gall, C., Sumikawa, K. and Lynch, G., 1990, Levels of mRNA for a putative kainate receptor are affected by seizures, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 87:7643.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garthwaite, G., Hajow, F. and Garthwaite, J., 1986, Ionic requirements for neurotoxic effects of excitatory amino acid analogues in rat cerebellar slices, Neuroscience, 18:437.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenamyre, T.J., Young, A.B. and Penney, J.B., 1984, Quantitative autoradiographic distribution of L-[3H]glutamate-binding sites in rat central nervous system, J. Neurosci., 4:2133.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gregor, P., Mano, I., Maoz, I., McKeown, M. and Teichberg, V.I., 1989, Molecular structure of the chick cerebellar kainate binding subunit of a putative glutamate receptor, Nature, 342:689.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halpain, S., Wieczorek, CM. and Rainbow, T.C., 1984, Localization of L-glutamate receptors in rat brain by quantitative autoradiography, J. Neurosci., 4:2247.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, J.M. and Warr, W.B., 1962, A study of the, cochlear nuclei and ascending auditory pathways of the medulla, J. Comp. Neurol., 119:341.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, J.M. and Irving, R., 1965, The anterior ventral cochlear nucleus, J. Comp. Neurol., 124:15.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, J.M. and Irving, R., 1966, The organization of the posterior ventral cochlear nucleus in the rat, J. Comp. Neurol., 126:391.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch, J.A. and Oertel, D., 1988, Synaptic connections in the dorsal cochlear nucleus of mice, in vitro, J. Physiol., 396:549.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hollmann, M., O’Shea-Greenfield, A., Rogers, S.W. and Heinemann, S., 1989, Cloning by functional expression of a member of the glutamate receptor family, Nature, 342:643.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hollmann, M., Hartley, M., and Heinemann, S., 1991, Ca2+ permeability of KA-AMPA-gated glutamate receptor channels depends on subunit composition, Science, 252:851.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Houamed, K.M., Kuijper, J.L., Gilbert, T.L., Haldeman, B.A., O’Hara, P.J., Mulvihill, E.R., Almers, W., and Hagen, F.S., 1991, Cloning, expression, and gene structure of a G protein-coupled glutamate receptor from rat brain, Science, 252:1318.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, H., Nemeth, E.F.,and Parks, T.N., 1985, Non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediating synaptic transmission in the avian cochlear nucleus: Effects of kynurenic acid, dipicolinic acid and streptomycin, Neuroscience, 16:171.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keinänen, K., Wisden, W., Sommer, B., Werner, P., Herb, A., Verdoorn, T.A., Sakmann, B., and Seeburg, P.H., 1990, A family of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors, Science, 249:556.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manis, P.B., 1989, Responses to parallel fiber stimulation in the guinea pig dorsal cochlear nucleus in vitro, J. Neurophysiol., 61:149.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, M.R., 1980, The effects of iontophoretically-applied antagonists on auditory nerve and amino acid-evoked excitation on the anteroventral cochlear nucleus neurons, Neuropharmacology, 19:519.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Masu, M., Tanabe, Y., Tsuchida, K., Shigemoto, R., and Nakanishi, S., 1991, Sequence and expression of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, Nature, 349:760.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, M.L., and Westbrook, G.L., 1987, The physiology of excitatory amino acids in the vertebrate central nervous system, Prog. Neurobiol., 28:197.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monaghan, D.T., and Cotman, C.W., 1982, The distribution of [3H]kainic acid binding sites in rat CNS as determined by autoradiography, Brain Res., 252:91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monaghan, D.R., and Cotman, C.W., 1985, Distribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate-sensitive L-[3H]glutamate-binding sites in rat brain, J. Neurosci., 5:2902.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monaghan, D.T., Bridge, R.J., and Cotman, C.W., 1989, The excitatory amino acid receptors, Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 29:365.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monyer, H., Seeburg, P.H., and Wisden, W., 1991, Glutamate-operated channels: Developmentally early and mature forms arise by alternative splicing, Neuron, 6:799.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mugnaini, E., 1985, GABA neurons in the superficial layers of the rat dorsal cochlear nucleus: Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry, J. Comp. Neurol. 235:61.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mugnaini, E., Osen, K.K., Dahl, A.L., Friedrich Jr., V.L., and Korte, G., 1980a, Fine structure of granule cells and related interneurons (termed Golgi cells) in the cochlear nuclear complex of cat, rat, and mouse, J. Neurocytol., 9:537.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mugnaini, E., Warr, W.B.,and Osen, K.K., 1980b, Distribution and light microscopic features of granule cells in the cochlear nuclei of cat, rat, and mouse, J. Comp. Neurol., 191:581.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakanishi, N., Shneider, N.A.,and Axel, R., 1990, A family of glutamate receptor genes: Evidence for the formation of heteromultimeric receptors with distinct channel properties, Neuron, 5:569.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nemeth, E.F., Jackson, H., and Parks, T.N., 1985, Evidence for the involvement of kainate receptors in synaptic transmission in the avian cochlear nucleus, Neurosci. Lett., 59:297.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, D.L., Potashner, S.J., Jones, D.R., and Morest, D.K., 1983, Selective labeling of spiral ganglion and granule cells with D-aspartate in the auditory system of cat and guinea pig, J. Neurosci., 3:455.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olney, J.W., Price, M.T., Samson, L., and Labruyere, L., 1986, The role of specific ions in glutamate neurotoxicity, Neurosci. Lett., 65:65.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Osen, K.K., 1969, Cytoarchitecture of the cochlear nuclei in the cat, J. Comp. Neurol. 136:453.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ottersen, O.P., 1989, Quantitative electron microscopic immunocytochemistry of neuroactive amino acids, Anat. Embryol., 180:1.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrini-Giampietro, D.E., Bennett, M.V.L., and Zukin, R.S., 1991, Differential expression of three glutamate receptor genes in developing rat brain: An in situ hybridization study, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 88:4157.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petralia, R.S., and Wenthold, R.J., 1992, Light and electron immunocytochemical localization of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors in the rat brain, J. Comp. Neurol., 318:329.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Potashner, S.J., 1983, Uptake and release of D-aspartate in the guinea pig cochlear nucleus, J. Neurochem., 41:1094.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saldaña, E., Carro, J., Merchan, M., and Collia, F., 1988, Morphometric and cytoarchitectural study of the different neuronal types in the VCN of the rat, in: “Auditory Pathway: Structure and function,” J. Syka and R.B. Masterson, eds., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 89–93.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sommer, B., Keinänen, K., Verdoorn, T.A., Wisden, W., Burnashev, N., Herb, A., Köhler, M., Takagi, T., Sakmann, B., and Seeburg, P.H., 1990, Flip and flop: A cell-specific functional switch in glutamate-operated channels of the CNS, Science, 249:1580.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Staatz-Benson C., and Potashner, S.J., 1988, Uptake and release of glycine in the guinea pig cochlear nucleus after axotomy of afferent or centrifugal fibers, J. Neurochem., 51:370.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verdoora, T.A., Buraashev, N., Monyer, H., Seeburg, P.H., and Sakmann, B., 1991, Structural determinants of ion flow through recombinant glutamate receptor channels, Science, 252:1715.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wada, K., Dechesne, C.J., Shimasaki, S., King, R.G., Kusano, K., Buonanno, A., Hampson, D.R., Banner, C., Wenthold, R.J. and Nakatani, Y., 1989, Sequence and expression of a frog brain complementary DNA encoding a kainate-binding protein, Nature, 342:684.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watkins, J.C. and Evans, R.H., 1981, Excitatory amino acid transmitters, Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 21:165.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Webster, W.R., 1985, Auditory system, in: “The Rat Nervous System,” G. Paxinos, ed., Academic Press, New York, pp. 153–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenthold, R.J. and Martin, M.R., 1984, Neurotransmitters of the auditory nerve and central auditory system, in: “Hearing Science: Recent Advances,” C. Berlin, ed., College Hill Press, San Diego, pp.341–369.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenthold, R.J., Hunter, C., Wada, K. and Dechesne, C.J., 1990, Antibodies to a C-terminal peptide of the rat glutamate receptor subunit, GluR-A, recognize a subpopulation of AMPA binding sites but not kainate sites, FEBS Lett. 276:147.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wenthold, R.J., Yokotani, N., Doi, K. and Wada, K., 1992, Immunochemical characterization of the non-NMDA glutamate receptor using subunit-specific antibodies: Evidence for a hetero-oligomeric structure in rat brain, J. Biol. Chem., 267:501.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Werner, P., Voigt, M., Keinänen, K., Wisden, W. and Seeburg, P.H., 1991, Cloning of a putative high-affinity kainate receptor expressed predominantly in hippocampal CA3 cells, Nature, 351:742.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wickesberg, R.E. and Oertel, D., 1989, Auditory nerve neurotransmitter acts on a kainate receptor: evidence from intracellular recordings in brain slices from mice, Brain Res., 486:39.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wouterlood, F.G., Mugnaini, E., Osen, K.K. and Dahl, A.L., 1984, Stellate neurons in rat dorsal cochlear nuclear studied with combined Golgi impregnation and electron microscopy: synaptic connections and mutual coupling by gap junctions, J. Neurocytol., 13:639.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wouterlood, F.G. and Mugnaini, E., 1984, Cartwheel neurons of the dorsal cochlear nucleus: A Golgi-electron microscopic study in rat, J. Comp. Neurol., 227:136.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Robert J. Wenthold, Chyren Hunter & Ronald S. Petralia

Authors
  1. Robert J. Wenthold
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chyren Hunter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ronald S. Petralia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

    Miguel A. Merchán

  2. University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain

    José M. Juiz

  3. Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio, USA

    Donald A. Godfrey

  4. University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA

    Enrico Mugnaini

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wenthold, R.J., Hunter, C., Petralia, R.S. (1993). Excitatory Amino Acid Receptors in the Rat Cochlear Nucleus. In: Merchán, M.A., Juiz, J.M., Godfrey, D.A., Mugnaini, E. (eds) The Mammalian Cochlear Nuclei. NATO ASI series, vol 239. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2932-3_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2932-3_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6273-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2932-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation