Abstract
More than a century ago, the principle of counter-pressure and arterial wall unloading had been developed to measure arterial pressure noninvasively. Referring to the requirements for an adequate invasive pressure transducer, four noninvasive technologies using the counter-pressure principle are discussed: starting with only local and only quasi-static unloading of the arterial (tonometric method, with several fundamental issues), improving to uniform but still only quasi-static unloading (oscillometric method and auscultatory method, with fundamental issues remaining) to finally uniform and dynamic unloading at the correct setpoint (volume clamp and Physiocal method, solving the fundamental issues).
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Settels, J.J. (2014). Noninvasive Arterial Pressure Monitoring. In: Ehrenfeld, J., Cannesson, M. (eds) Monitoring Technologies in Acute Care Environments. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8557-5_12
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