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Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering in Burns and Wounds

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Stem Cells Handbook

Abstract

Skin is the largest tissue of the human body, and it acts as a protective barrier. If this barrier is lost due to injury wound healing is initiated, which is a complex repair process of orchestrated phases with the goal to restore homeostasis. Burns represent one of the most devastating traumas in which skin wound healing is crucial for survival. As current practices are associated with failures, new avenues were explored to accelerate and improve the healing process, e.g., stem cells. Stem cells are normally present in the cutaneous tissue, and play an important role in skin layers renewal and wound healing processes. Others and we propose that characterization of skin resident stem cells is the first step to further develop regenerative medicine-based treatments for tissue repair. Skin tissue engineering is an innovative field which contributes to apply new biomaterials and stem cells from the lab to the bench side, with an important role in translational medicine and skin tissue repair. The aim of this chapter is to describe the basics of the human skin and wound healing, and analyze skin stem cells in normal and pathological processes, focusing on skin tissue engineering research applied to aid in tissue repair.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (GM087285-01), the Canadian Foundation for Innovation Leader’s Opportunity Fund (# 25407), the Physicians’ Services Incorporated Foundation—Health Research Grant Program and the Canadian Military and supported by CIHR 123336.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room D704, Toronto, ON, Canada, M4N3M5

    Patrick H. Blit Ph.D.

  2. Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain

    Anna I. Arno M.D.

  3. Sunnybrook Research Institute, Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada, M4N3M5

    Anna I. Arno M.D. & Marc G. Jeschke M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.S., F.R.C.S.C., F.C.C.M.

  4. Department of Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Anna I. Arno M.D. & Marc G. Jeschke M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.S., F.R.C.S.C., F.C.C.M.

  5. Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Marc G. Jeschke M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.S., F.R.C.S.C., F.C.C.M.

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  1. Patrick H. Blit Ph.D.
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  2. Anna I. Arno M.D.
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Correspondence to Marc G. Jeschke M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.S., F.R.C.S.C., F.C.C.M. .

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  1. New York State Health Department Wadsworth Center, Albany, New York, USA

    Stewart Sell

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Blit, P.H., Arno, A.I., Jeschke, M.G. (2013). Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering in Burns and Wounds. In: Sell, S. (eds) Stem Cells Handbook. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7696-2_28

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