Abstract
Taurine protects against tissue damage in a variety of models involving inflammation, especially the muscle. We set up a heavy exercise bout protocol for rats consisting of climbing ran on a treadmill to examine the effect of an intraabdominal dose of taurine (300 mg/kg/day) administered 1 h before heavy exercise for ten consecutive days. Each group ran on the treadmill at 20 m/min, 25% grade, for 20 min or until exhaustion within 20 min once each 10 days. Exhaustion was the point when an animal was unable to right itself when placed on its side. The muscle damage was associated with an increased accumulation of 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG in the nuclei of skeletal muscle cells. The immunoreactivities for NF-κB and iNOS were also increased in the exercise group. Taurine ameliorated heavy exercise-induced muscle DNA damage to a significant extent since it reduced the accumulation of 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG, possibly by down-regulating the expression of iNOS through a modulatory action on NF-κB signaling pathway. This study demonstrates for the first time that taurine can protect against intense exercise-induced nitrosative inflammation and ensuing DNA damage in the skeletal muscle of rats by preventing iNOS expression and the nitrosative stress generated by heavy exercise.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- O2 − :
-
Superoxide anion
- NF-κB:
-
Nuclear factor kappa-B
- iNOS:
-
Inducible NO synthase
- 8-OHdG:
-
8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine
References
Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Hoey BM, Butler J (1988) The antioxidant action of taurine, hypotaurine and their metabolic precursors. Biochem J 256:251–255
Barua M, Liu Y, Quinn MR (2001) Taurine chloramine inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and TNF-alpha gene expression in activated alveolar macrophages: decreased NF-κB activation and IκB kinase activity. J Immunol 167:2275–2281
Brooks GA, White TP (1978) Determination of metabolic and heart rate responses of rats to treadmill exercise. J Appl Physiol 45:1009–1015
Gurujeyalashmi G, Wang Y, Giri SN (2000) Taurine and niacin block lung and fibrosis by down-regulating bleomycin-induced activation of transcription nuclear factor-κB in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 293:82–90
Hansen SH, Andersen ML, Birkedal H, Cornett C, Wibrand F (2006) The important role of taurine in oxidative metabolism. Adv Exp Med Biol 583:129–135
Ji LL, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Steinhafel N, Vina J (2004) Acute exercise activates nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway in rat skeletal muscle. FASEB J 18:1499–1506
Loeb LA, Preston BD (1986) Mutagenesis by a apurinic/apyrimidinic sites. Annu Rev Genet 20:201–230
Ma N, Adachi Y, Hiraku Y, Horiki N, Horike S, Imoto I, Pinlaor S, Murata M, Semba R, Kawanishi S (2004) Accumulation of 8-nitroguanine in human gastric epithelium induced byHelicobacter pyloriinfection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 319:506–510
Moyes CD (2003) Controlling muscle mitochondrial content. J Exp Biol 206:4385–4391
Nikolaidis MG, Mougios V (2004) Effects of exercise on the fatty-acid composition of blood and tissue lipids. Sports Med 34:1051–1076
Nikolaidis MG, Petridou A, Mougios V (2006) Comparison of the phospholipid and triacylglycerol fatty acid profile of rat serum, skeletal muscle and heart. Physiol Res 55:259–265
Pinlaor S, Hiraku Y, Ma N, Yongvanit P, Semba R, Oikawa S, Murata M, Sripa B, Sithithaworn P, Kawanishi S (2004) Mechanism of NO-mediated oxidative and nitrative DNA damage in hamsters infected with Opisthorchis viverrini: a model of inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis. Nitric Oxide 11:175–183
Prutz WA (1996) Hypochlorous acid interactions with thiols, nucleotides, DNA, and other biological substrates. Arch Biochem Biophys 332:110–120
Sen CK, Khanna S, Resznick AZ, Roy S, Packer L (1997) Glutathione regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced NF-κB activation in skeletal muscle-derived L6 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 237:645–649
Shi X, Flynn DC, Porter DW, Leonard SS, Vallyathan V, Castranova V (1997) Efficacy of taurine based compounds as hydroxyl radical scavengers in silica induced peroxidation. Ann Clin Lab Sci 27:365–374
Silva LA, Silveira PC, Ronsani MM, Souza PS, Scheffer D, Vieira LC, Benetti M, De Souza CT, Pinho RA (2011) Taurine supplementation decreases oxidative stress in skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise. Cell Biochem Funct 29:43–49
Yermilov V, Rubio J, Becchi M, Friesen MD, Pignatelli B, Ohshima H (1995) Formation of 8-nitroguanine by the reaction of guanine with peroxynitritein vitro. Carcinogenesis 16: 2045–2050
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sugiura, H. et al. (2013). Protection by Taurine Against INOS-Dependent DNA Damage in Heavily Exercised Skeletal Muscle by Inhibition of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. In: El Idrissi, A., L'Amoreaux, W. (eds) Taurine 8. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 775. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-6129-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6130-2
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)