Skip to main content

Polyploidy in Species Populations

  • Chapter
Polyploidy

Part of the book series: Basic Life Sciences ((BLSC,volume 13))

Abstract

Polyploidy in populations of well-differentiated plant species is now widely recognized (1,2). Most reports, however, are limited to a few individuals from one or several populations and thereby illustrate only a fraction of the extant genomic diversity in most species. They rarely purport populational dynamics involving Polyploidy as an evolutionary process. Nevertheless, there are recent notable exceptions and these will be utilized freely in this review of Polyploidy within species populations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literature Cited

  1. Harlan, G.R., deWet, J.M.J., 1975, On Ö. Winge and a prayer: the origins of Polyploidy. Bot. Rev. 41: 361–390.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lewis, W.H., 1967, Cytocatalytic evolution in plants. Bot. Rev. 33: 105–115; This volume, p. 103.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cronquist, A., 1978, Once again, what is a species?, pp. 3–20, to “Biosystematics in Agriculture,” Beltsville S3nnp. Agr. Res. 2, Allanheld, Osmun and Co., Montclair, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Levin, D.A., 1979, The nature of plant species. Science 204: 381–384.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Clausen, J., Keck, D.D., Hiesey, W.M., 1945, Experimental studies on the nature of species. II. Plant evolution through amphiploidy and autoploidy, with examples from the liadiinae. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 564, 1–174.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kihara, H., Ono, T., 1926, Chromosomenzah1en und Systematische Gruppierung der Rumexarten. Zeitschr. Zellforsch. 4: 475–481.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hedberg, I., 1967, Cytotaxonomic studies on Anthoxanthum odoratum L. s. lat. II. Investigations of some Swedish and of a few Swiss population samples. S3mib. Bot. Upsal. 18 (5): 1–86.

    Google Scholar 

  8. D’Amato, F., 1952, Polyploidy in the differentiation and function of tissues and cells in plants. A critical examination of the literature. Caryologia 4: 311–358.

    Google Scholar 

  9. D’Amato, F., 1964, EndoPolyploidy as a factor in plant tissue development. Caryologia 17: 41–52.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Nagl, W., 1976, Nuclear organization. Ann. Rev. PI. Physiol. 27: 39–69.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Nagl, W., 1978, “EndoPolyploidy and Polyteny in Differentiation and Evolution,” North-Holland, Amsterdam. 283 p.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Lewis, W.H., Oliver, R.L., Luikart, T.J., 1971, Multiple genotypes in individuals of Claytonia virginica. Science 172: 564–565.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. östergren, G., Fröst, S., 1962, Elimination of accessory chromosomes from the roots of Haplopappus gracilis. Hereditas 48: 363–366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Müntzing, A., 1946, Different chromosome numbers in root tips and pollen mother cells in a sexual strain of Poa alpina. Hereditas 32: 127–129.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Darlington, C.D., Thomas, P.T., 1941, Morbid mitosis and the activity of inert chromosomes in Sorghum. Proc. Roy. Soc. London 130: 127–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Berger, C.A., Witkus, E.R., 1954, The cytology of Xanthisma texanum DC. I. Difference in the chromosome number of root and shoot. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 81: 489–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. deWet, J.M.J., 1980, Origins of polyploids. This volume, p. 3

    Google Scholar 

  18. Mooney, H.A., Johnson, A.W., 1965, Comparative physiological ecology of an arctic and alpine population of Thalictrum alpinum L. Ecology 46: 721–727.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Franke, R., 1975, Über das Auftreten von unreduzierten Gameten bei Angiospermen. Arch. ZUchtungsforsch. Berlin 5: 201–208.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Tyrl, R.J., 1975, Origin and distribution of polyploid Achillea (Compositae) in western North America. Brittonia 27: 187–196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Lewis, W.H., Suda, Y., 1976, Diploids and polyploids from a single species populations: temporal adaptations. J. Heredity 67: 391–393.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Lewis, W.H., 1977, Temporal adaptation correlated with ploidy in Claytonia virginica. Syst. Bot. 1: 340–347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Powell, A.M., Sikes, S.W., 1975, On the origin of Polyploidy in Perityle rupestris (Asteraceae). Sei. Biol. J. 1: 132–137.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Levin, D.A., Wilson, A.C., 1976, Rates of evolution in seed plants: net increase in diversity of chromosome numbers and species numbers through time. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sei. USA 73: 2086–2090.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Babcock, E.B., Stebbins, G.L., Jr., 1938, The American species of Crepis. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 504, 1–199.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Heckard, L.R., 1960, Taxonomic studies in the Phacelia magellanica Polyploidy complex. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 32: 1–126.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Uhl, C.H., 1970, Heteroploidy in Sedum glaucophyllum. Rhodora 72: 460–479.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Morton, J.K., 1979, Observations on Houghton’s goldenrod (Solidago houghtonii). Mich. Bot. 18: 31–35.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Stebbins, G.L., 1950, “Variation and Evolution in Plants,” Columbia Univ. Press, New York. 643 p.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Gottschalk, W., 1976, “Die Bedeutung der Polyploidie für die Evolution der Pflanzen,” Gustav-Fischer, Stuttgart. (particularly Tables 5–8 ).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Fukuda, I., 1967, The biosystematic of Achlys. Taxon 16: 308–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Al-Sheikh Hussain, L.A., Elkington, T.T., 1978, Giemsa C- band karyotypes of diploid and triploid Allium caeruleum and their genomic relationship. Cytologia 43: 405–410.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Dewey, D.R., 1975, Genome relations of diploid Agropyron libanoticum with diploid and autotetraploid Agropyron stipifolium. Bot. Gaz. 136: 116–121; Dewey, D.R., Asay, K.H., 1975, The crested wheatgrasses of Iran. Crop Sei. 15: 844–849.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Hedberg, I., 1970, Cytotaxonomic studies on Anthoxanthum odoratum L. s. lat. IV. Karyotypes, meiosis and the origin of tetraploid A. odoratum. Hereditas 64: 153–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Packer, J.G., Denford, K.E., 1974, A contribution to the taxonomy of Arctosytaphylos uva-ursi. Canad. J. Bot. 52: 743–753.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Estes, J.R., 1969, Evidence for autoploid evolution in the Artemisia ludoviciana complex of the Pacific Northwest. Brittonia 21: 29–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Borrill, M., Lindner, R., 1971, Diploid-tetraploid sympatry in Dactylis (Gramineae). New Phytol. 70: 1111–1124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Nesom, G.L., 1978, Chromosome numbers in Erigeron and Conyza (Compositae). Sida 7: 375–381.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Baldwin, J.T.,Jr., 1941, Galax: the genus and its chromosomes. J. Heredity 32: 249–254.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Nesom, G.L., 1979, Personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Teppner, H., Ehrendorfer, F., Puff, C., 1976, Karyosystematic notes on the Galium palustre-group (Rubiaceae). Taxon 25: 95–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Dewey, D.R., 1979, The Hordeum violaceum complex in Iran. Amer. J. Bot. 66: 166–172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Hunziker, J.H., Palacios, R.A., de Valesi, A.G., Poggio, L., 1972, Species disjunctions in Larrea: evidence from morphology, cytogenetics, phenolic compounds, and seed albumins. Ann. Missouri Bot. Card. 59: 224–233.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Rollins, R.C., Shaw, E.A., 1973, “The Genus Lesquerella ( Cruciferae) in North America,” Harvard University Press, Cambridge. 288 p.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Clark, C., 1975, Ecogeographic races of Lesquerella engelmannii (Cruciferae): distribution, chromosome numbers, and taxonomy, Brittonia 27: 263–278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Stuessy, T.F., 1971, Systematic relationships in the white- rayed species of Melampodium (Compositae). Brittonia 23: 177–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Bacon, J.D., 1978, Taxonomy of Nerisyrenia (Cruciferae). Rhodora 80: 159–227.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Rollins, R.C., Rildenberg, L., 1979, Chromosome numbers of Cruciferae IV. Bussey Inst. Harvard University, pp. 79–92.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Ponnamma, M.G., 1978, Studies on bulbous ornamentals. I. Karyomorphology of diploid and triploid taxa of Pancratium triflorum Rosb. Cytologia 43: 717–725.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Palmer, P.G., 1975, A biosystematic study of the Panicum amarum-P. amarulum complex (Gramineae). Brittonia 27: 142–150.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Smith, B.W., 1968, Cytogeography and cytotaxonomic relation-ships of Rumex paucifolius. Amer. J. Bot. 55: 673–683.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Uhl, C.H., 1972, Intraspecific variation in chromosomes of Sedum in the southwestern United States. Rhodora 74: 301–320.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Stewart, D.A., Barlow, B.A., 1976, Genomic differentiation and Polyploidy in Sowerbaea (Liliaceae). Austral. J. Bot. 24: 349–367.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Jones, K., Golden, C., 1968, The telocentric complement of Tradescantia micrantha. Chromosoma 24: 135–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Stebbins, G.L., 1971, “Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants,” Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA. 216 p.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Gates, R.R., 1924, Polyploidy. Brit. J. Exp. Biol. 1: 153–182.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Torrey, J.G., 1965, Physiological bases of organization and development in the root. Encycl. PI. Physiol. 15 (1): 1256–1327.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Lewis, W.H., 1964, Oldenlandia cor3nnbosa (Rubiaceae). Grana Palynolog. 5: 330–341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Anderson, L.C., 1977, Studies on Bigelowia (Asteraceae). Syst. Bot. 2: 209–218.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Randhawa, A.S., Beamish, K.I., 1970, Observations on the morphology, anatomy, classification, and reproductive cycle of Saxifraga ferruginea. Ganad. J. Bot. 48: 299–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Lewis, W.H., 1976, Pollen size of Hedyotis caerulea (Rubiaceae) in relation to chromosome number and heterostyly. Rhodora 78: 60–64.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Bremekamp, G.E.B., 1963, On pollen dimorphism in heterostylous Psychotrieae, especially in the genus Mapouria Aubl. Grana Palynolog. 4: 53–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Levin, D.A., 1975, Minority cytotype exclusion in local plant populations. Taxon 24: 35–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Sakai, K., Suzuki, Y., 1955, Studies on competition in plants. VII. Competition between diploid and autotetraploid plants of barley. J. Genetics 53: 11–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Smith, H.E., 1946, Sedum pulchellum: a physiological and morphological comparision of diploid, tetraploid, and hexa- ploid races. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 73: 495–541.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Stebbins, G.L., 1949, The evolutionary significance of natural and artificial polyploids in the family Gramineae. Proc. 8th Inter. Cong. Genetics, Hereditas suppl. 461–485.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Stebbins, G.L., 1972, Research on the evolution of higher plants: problems and prospects. Ganad. J. Genet. Cytol. 14: 453–462.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Ehrendorfer, F., 1980, Polyploidy and distribution. This volume, p. 45.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Stebbins, G.L., 1980, Polyploidy in plants: unsolved problems and prospects. This volume, p. 495.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Brighton, C.A., 1976, Cytological problems in the genus Crocus (Iridaceae): II. Crocus cancellatus aggregate. Kew Bull. 32: 33–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. Giles, N.H., Jr., 1942, AutoPolyploidy and geographical distribution in Cuthbertia graminea Small. Amer. J. Bot. 29: 637–645.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. Baldwin, J.T., Jr., Gulp, R., 1941, Polyploidy in Diospyros virginiana L. Amer. J. Bot. 28: 942–944.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Sullivan, V.I., 1976, Diploidy, Polyploidy, and agamospermy among species of Eupatorium (Compositae). Ganad. J. Bot. 54: 2907–2917.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. Tothill, J.C., Hacker, J.B., 1976, Polyploidy, flowering phenology and climatic adaptation in Heteropogon contortus (Gramineae). Austral. J. Ecol. 1: 213–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Ornduff, R., 1970, Cytogeography of Nymphoides (Menyanthaceae). Taxon 19: 715–719.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Chuang, T.I., Constance, L., 1977, Cytogeography of Phacelia ranunculacea (Hydrophyllaceae). Rhodora 79: 115–122.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Baldwin, J.T.,Jr., 1942, Polyploidy in Sedum ternatum Michx. II. Cytogeography. Amer. J. Bot. 29: 283–286.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. Kurita, M., Kuroki, Y., 1964, Polyploidy and distribution of Allium gray[i]. Mem. Ehime Univ. Sect 2, Ser. B 5: 37–45.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Böcher, T.W., 1936, Cytological studies on Campanula rotundifolia. Hereditas 22: 269–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. Lewis, W.H., Semple, J.C., 1977, Geography of Claytonia virginica cytotypes. Amer. J. Bot. 64: 1078–1082.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Hagerup, O., 1927, Empetrum hermaphroditum (Lge.) Hagerup. A new tetraploid, bisexual species. Dansk Bot. Arkiv. 5: 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Mosquin, T., 1967, Evidence for autoPolyploidy in Epilobium angustifolium (Onagraceae). Evolution 21: 713–719.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Small, E., 1968, The systematics of autoPolyploidy in Epilobium latifolium (Onagraceae). Brittonia 20: 169–181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Schaefer, V.G., Miksche, J.P., 1977, Mikrospectrophotometric determination of DNA per cell and Polyploidy in Fraxinus americana L. Silvae Genetica 26: 184–192.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Fagerlind, F., 1937, Embryologische, zytologische, und bestäubungs-experimentelle Studien in der Familie Rubiaceae nebst Bemerkungen über einige Polyploiditäts-probleme. Acta Horti Berg. 11: 195–470.

    Google Scholar 

  86. Lewis, W.H., Terrell, E.E., 1962, Chromosomal races in eastern North American species of Hedyotis (Houstonia). Rhodora 64: 313–323.

    Google Scholar 

  87. Sharma, A.K., Dey, D., 1967, A comprehensive cytotaxonomic study on the family Chenopodiaceae. J. Cytol. Genet. 2: 114–127.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Hagerup, O., 1933, Studies on polyploid ecotypes in Vaccinium uliginosum L. Hereditas 18: 122–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. östergren, G., 1942, Chromosome numbers in Anthoxanthum. Hereditas 28: 242–243.

    Google Scholar 

  90. Hedberg, I., 1969, Cytotaxonomic studies on Anthoxanthum odoratum L. s, lat. III. Investigations of Swiss and Austrian population samples. Sv. Bot. Tidskr. 63: 233–250.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Mitchell, W.W., 1968, Taxonomy, variation, and chorology of three chromosome races of the Calamagrostis canadensis complex in Alaska. Madrono 19: 235–246.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Tanaka, R., 1965, Intraspecific Polyploidy in Goodyera maximowicziana Makino. La Kromosoma 60: 1945–1950.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Brunken, J.N., Estes, J.R., 1975, Cytological and morphological variation in Panicum virgatum L. Southwest. Nat. 19: 379–385.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. Mantón, I., 1937, The problem of Biscutella laevigata L. II: The evidence frommeiosis. Ann. Bot. (n.s.) 1: 439–462.

    Google Scholar 

  95. Miller, J.M., 1976, Variation in populations of Claytonia perfoliata (Portulacaceae). Syst. Bot. 1: 20–34.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Nur, U., Zohary, D., 1959, Distribution patterns of diploid and tetraploid forms of Dactylis glomerata L. in Israel. Bull. Res. Council Israel, sect. D, Botany, 7D: 13–22.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Ehrendorfer, F., 1965, Dispersal mechanisms, genetic systems, and colonizing abilities in some flowering plant families, pp. 331–352, to Baker, H.G., Stebbins, G.L. (eds.), “The Genetics of Colonizing Species,” Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  98. Stebbins, G.L., 1965, Colonizing species of native California flora, pp. 173-195, in Baker, H.G., Stebbins, G.L. (eds.), “The Genetics of Colonizing Species,” Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Gadella, W.J., Kliphuis, E., 1968, Parnassia palustris in the Netherlands. Acta Bot. Neerl. 17: 165–172.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Stewart, D.A., Barlow, B.A., 1976, Infraspecific Polyploidy and gynodioecism in Ptilotus obovatus (Amaranthaceae). Austral. J. Bot. 24: 237–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Lövkvist, B., 1956, The Cardamine pratensis complex: outlines of its cytogenetics and taxonomy. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 14 (2): 1–131.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Hagerup, O., 1932, Uber Polyploidie in Beziehung zu Klima, Ökologie und Phylogenie. Hereditas 16: 19–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Robertson, P.A., 1974, Morphological variation and chromosome numbers of North American populations of Koeleria cristata. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 101:. 124–129.

    Google Scholar 

  104. Skalinska, M., 1947, Polyploidy in Valeriana officinalis Linn, in relation to its ecology and distribution. J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 53: 159–186.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Semple, J.C., 1978, The cytogeography of Aster pilosum (Compositae): Ontario and the adjacent United States. Canad. J. Bot. 56: 1274–1279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Rehweder, H., 1937, Beziehungen zwischen Chromosomengrösse und Vitalität innerhalb der Gattung Dianthus. Planta 27: 478–499.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. Johnson, A.W., Packer, J.G., 1965, Polyploidy and environment in Arctic Alaska. Science 148: 237–239.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Packer, J.G., 1969, Polyploidy in the Canadian Arctic Archi-pelago. Alpine Res. 1: 15–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. Löve, A., Löve, D., 1957, Arctic Polyploidy. Proc. Genet. Soc. Canada 2: 23–27.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Löve, A., Löve, D., 1967, Polyploidy and altitude: Mt. Washington. Biol. Zentral. 86 (suppl.): 307–312.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Hancock, J.F.,Jr., Bringhurst, R.S., 1979, Ecological differentation in perennial, octoploid species of Fragaria. Amer. J. Bot. 66: 367–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. Jackson, R.C., 1976, Evolution and systematic significance of Polyploidy. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 7: 209–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. Golubovskaya, I.N., 1979, Genetic control of meiosis. Inter. Rev. Cytol. 58: 247–290.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Sears, E.R., 1976, Genetic control of chromosome pairing in wheat. Ann. Rev. Genet. 10: 31–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Grant, V., 1952, Cytogenetics of the hybrid Cilia millefoliata X achilleaefolia. I. Variations in meiosis and Polyploidy rate as affected by nutritional and genetic conditions. Chromosoma 5: 372–390.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Hossain, M.G., 1978, Effects of external environmental factors on chromosome pairing in autotetraploid rye. Cytologia 43: 21–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  117. Grun, P., 1951, Variations in the meiosis of alfalfa. Amer. J. Bot. 38: 475–482.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. Timmis, J.N., Rees, H., 1971, A pairing restriction at pachytene upon multivalent formation in autotetraploids. J. Heredity 26: 269–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. Sybenga, J.-, 1972, Chromosome-associated control of meiotic pairing differentiation. Variation with Secale cereale. Chromosoma 39: 351–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  120. Denison, M.F., 1976, Populational variation in Oxalis hernandesii. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 103: 73–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  121. Gilles, A., Randolph, L.F., 1951, Reduction of quadrivalent frequency in autotetraploid maize during a period of 10 years. Amer. J. Bot. 38: 12–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  122. Aastveit, K., 1968, Variation and selection for seed set in tetraploid rye. Hereditas 60: 294–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  123. Hossain, M.G., Moore, K., 1975, Selection in tetraploid rye. I. Effects of selection on the relationships between seed- set, meiotic regularity and plant vigour. Hereditas 81: 141–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  124. deWet, J.M.J., Harlan, J.R., 1970, Apomixis, Polyploidy and speciation in Dichanthium. Evolution 24: 270 - 277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  125. Dickinson, H., Antonovics, J., 1973, Theoretical considerations of sympatric divergence. Amer. Nat. 107: 256–274.

    Google Scholar 

  126. Gottschalk, W., 1971, The phenomenon of “asymmetric genomic reduction.” J. Indian Bot. Soc. 50A: 308–317.

    Google Scholar 

  127. Noggle, G.R., 1946, The physiology of Polyploidy in plants. I. Review of the literature. Lloydia 9: 153–173.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Gustafson, F.G., 1944, Growth hormone studies of some diplbid and autotetraploid plants. J. Heredity 35: 269–272.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Chen, S.-L., Tang, P.S., 1945, Studies on colchicine-induced autotetraploid barley. Amer. J. Bot. 32: 177–181.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Jinno, T., 1958, Cytogenetic and cytoecological studies on some Japanese species of Rubus IV. Relation of polyploid to flowering time, and to growth rate. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 71: 359–365.

    Google Scholar 

  131. Schlösser, L.A., 1937, Grenzen und Möglichkeiten der Ausnutzung von Polyploidie in der Pflanzen-Züchtung. Forschungsdienst 3: 69–82.

    Google Scholar 

  132. Baldwin, J.T.,Jr., 1943, Polyploidy in Sedum pulchellum—I. Cytogeography. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 70: 26–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  133. Clausen, R.T., 1975, “Sedum of North America North of the Mexican; Plateau,” Cornell University Press, Ithica, NY. 742 p.

    Google Scholar 

  134. Yang, T.W,, Lowe, C.H., 1968, Chromosome variation in ecotypes of Larrea divaricata in the North American desert. Madrono 19: 161–164.

    Google Scholar 

  135. Yang, T.W., 1968, A new chromosome race of Larrea divaricata in Arizona. West. Reserve Acad. Nat. Hist. Mus. 2: 1–4 (special publication).

    Google Scholar 

  136. Mauer, J., Mayo, J.M., Denford, K., 1978, Comparative ecophysiology of the chromosome races in Viola adunca J. E. Smith. Oecologia 35: 91–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  137. Tal, M., Gardi, I., 1976, Physiology of polyploid plants: water balance in autotetraploid and diploid tomato under low and high salinity. Physiol. PI. 38: 257–261.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Tal, M., 1977, Physiology of polyploid plants: DNA, RNA, protein, and abscisic acid in autotetraploid and diploid tomato under low and high salinity. Bot. Gaz. 138: 119–122.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Tal, M., 1980, Physiology of polyploids. This volume, p. 61.

    Google Scholar 

  140. Hall, 0., 1972, Oxygen requirement of root meristems in diploid and autotetraploid rye. Hereditas 70: 69–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  141. Mears, J.A., The chemistry of polyploids: a summary with comments on Parthenium L. (Asteraceae-Ambrosiinae). This volume, p. 77.

    Google Scholar 

  142. Murray, B.C., Williams, C.A., 1973, Polyploidy and flavonoid synthesis in Briza media L. Nature 243: 87–88.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Murray, B.C., Williams, C.A., 1976, Chromosome number and flavonoid biosynthesis in Briza L. (Gramineae). Biochem. Genet. 14: 897–904.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Levy, M., 1976, Altered glycoflavone expression in induced autotetraploids of Phlox drummondii. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 4: 249–259.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Levin, D.A., Torres, A.M., Levy, M., 1979, Alcohol dehydro-genase activity in diploid and autotetraploid Phlox. Biochem. Genet. 17: 35–43.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. DeMaggio, A.E., Lambrukos, J., 1974, Polyploidy and gene dosage effects on peroxidase activity in ferns. Biochem. Genet. 12: 429–440.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Roose, M.L., Gottlieb, L.D., 1976, Genetic and biochemical consequences of Polyploidy in Tragopogon. Evolution 30: 818–830.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Rowson, J.M., 1944, Increased alkaloidal contents of induced polyploids of Datura. Nature 154: 81–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Rowson, J.M., 1945, Increased alkaloidal contents of induced polyploids of Datura, Atropa and Hyoscyamus. Quart. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 18: 175–193.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Jackson, B.P., Rowson, J.M., 1953, Alkaloid biogenesis in tetraploid stramonium. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 5: 778–793.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Spurna, V., Plchova, S., Karpfel, Z., 1970, Study of some biotypes in the genus Achillea. Naturwissenschaften 4: 196–197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  152. Barber, H.N., 1970, Hybridization and the evolution of plants. Taxon 19: 154–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1980 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lewis, W.H. (1980). Polyploidy in Species Populations. In: Lewis, W.H. (eds) Polyploidy. Basic Life Sciences, vol 13. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3069-1_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3069-1_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-3071-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-3069-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics