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Canopy Fluxes

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Methods in Ecosystem Science

Abstract

One of the foremost challenges for ecologists is to integrate observations made at a range of scales so that they become useful to others working at a different scale. An example of this would be scaling observations of carbon and water exchange made at leaf or plot scale to be of direct use to global climate modelers. Micrometeorological techniques, which operate at intermediate scales to these two extremes, are being used increasingly to validate and parameterize such models (Baldocchi and Meyers 1998). In turn, micrometeorological techniques can be validated against suitably scaled observations at a smaller scale. Progress in closing the carbon budget for example, must rely on such an interdisciplinary approach. When made in combination with detailed biophysical field experiments, such observations can reveal the atmospheric and biophysical variables that control carbon and water exchange. In this review, we describe briefly the most common micrometeorological methods used to measure fluxes of carbon and water at the scale of the canopy, focusing in particular on the direct techniques of eddy covariance and eddy accumulation. We also describe flux measurements at related scales that are commonly used to give added value to canopy-scale fluxes.

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Authors
  1. John B. Moncrieff
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  2. Paul G. Jarvis
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  3. Ricardo Valentini
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. IFEVA, Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4453, Buenos Aires, 1417, Argentina

    Osvaldo E. Sala

  2. Department of Biology and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Phytotron Building, Durham, NC, 27708, USA

    Robert B. Jackson

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Harold A. Mooney

  4. Program in Biogeochemistry and Environmental Change, Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Corson Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Robert W. Howarth

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Moncrieff, J.B., Jarvis, P.G., Valentini, R. (2000). Canopy Fluxes. In: Sala, O.E., Jackson, R.B., Mooney, H.A., Howarth, R.W. (eds) Methods in Ecosystem Science. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1224-9_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1224-9_12

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