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Chromosome Genomics in the Triticeae

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Genetics and Genomics of the Triticeae

Part of the book series: Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models ((PGG,volume 7))

Abstract

The Triticeae species are unique among the important agricultural crops in possessing massive genomes with a prevalence of dispersed DNA repeats. The highest level of complexity is observed in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat whose nuclear genomes comprise two and three homoeologous genomes, respectively. Polyploidy and the presence of repeats make gene cloning and genome sequencing in the Triticeae extremely difficult. Chromosome genomics simplifies these tasks by targeting single chromosomes and chromosome arms, which represent only a few percent of the nuclear genomes. The advantages of this strategy over a whole-genome approach include the avoidance of problems due to the presence of homoeologs in wheat, reduction of work to manageable portions, cost efficiency, and an opportunity to structure collaborative projects where individual laboratories work on particular chromosomes. In this chapter, we describe how chromosomes and chromosome arms can be isolated by flow cytometric sorting and we review development of flow cytogenetics in the Triticeae. We then discuss various applications of flow-sorted chromosomes and assess the potential of chromosome genomics in the Triticeae.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Drs. Prasanna Bhat, Timothy Close, Catherine Feuillet, Andrzej Kilian and Wolfgang Spielmeyer for permissions to cite their unpublished work. Parts of this work have been supported by the Czech Science Foundation (grant awards 521/06/1723 and 521/07/1573) and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (grant awards LC06004 and OC08025).

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  1. Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Cytometry, Institute of Experimental Botany, Sokolovská 6, CZ-77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Jaroslav Doležel, Hana Šimková, Marie Kubaláková, Jan Šafář, Pavla Suchánková, Jarmila Číhalíková, Jan Bartoš & Miroslav Valárik

  2. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic

    Jaroslav Doležel, Hana Šimková, Marie Kubaláková & Jarmila Číhalíková

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  1. Jaroslav Doležel
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    Doležel, J. et al. (2009). Chromosome Genomics in the Triticeae. In: Muehlbauer, G., Feuillet, C. (eds) Genetics and Genomics of the Triticeae. Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models, vol 7. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77489-3_10

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