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Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Stem Cell Differentiation

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Biomaterials as Stem Cell Niche

Part of the book series: Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials ((SMTEB,volume 2))

Abstract

Differentiation of stem cells has shown to be strongly influenced through several cues provided by reciprocal interactions with the extracellular microenvironment, consisting of soluble bioactive agents and the extracellular matrix.While the dynamic extracellular matrix is difficult to mimic in its entirety, recent research has successfully mimicked individual matrix-centric cues using synthetic polymeric systems to influence differentiation of stem cells into tissue-specific lineages. Material properties that have been shown to direct this differentiation include chemical functionality, mechanical properties, as well as tissue-mimetic modifications such as mineralization. Another aspect of the extracellular microenvironment that has been mimicked in the controlled differentiation of stem cells is the presence of specific bioactive agents. Material-based delivery of these agents allows for the spatiotemporal variation in their presentation to stem cells, allowing for precise control over their terminally differentiated phenotype. Thus, the delivery of bioactive agents to cells via synthetic materials has also been an effective method to influence stem cell differentiation to various tissue-specific lineages. In this chapter, we discuss the use of synthetic materials to direct stem cell differentiation through both, capitulation of matrix-specific biochemical, mechanical and physical cues, as well as the controlled delivery of specific bioactive agents.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine and the University of California, San Diego. Assistance from Dr. Ramsés Ayala and Dr. Nivedita Sangaj in the preparation and review of this manuscript is also gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Bioengineering, MC 0412, University of California, San Diego, USA

    Ameya Phadke, Chien-Wen Chang & Shyni Varghese

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  1. Ameya Phadke
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Correspondence to Shyni Varghese .

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  1. Cockrell School of Engineering, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, University Station 1, Austin, 78712, Texas, USA

    Krishnendu Roy

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Phadke, A., Chang, CW., Varghese, S. (2010). Functional Biomaterials for Controlling Stem Cell Differentiation. In: Roy, K. (eds) Biomaterials as Stem Cell Niche. Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, vol 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/8415_2010_2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-13892-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-13893-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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