Abstract
A simple and rapid vacuum-drying modification method was applied to several neutral and charged polymers to obtain coating layers for controlling electroosmotic flow (EOF) and suppressing sample adsorption on poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS)-glass hybrid microchips. In the vacuum-dried poly(vinylpyrrolidone) coating, the electroosmotic mobility (μeo) was suppressed from +2.1 to +0.88 × 10−4 cm2/V•s, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of μeo was improved from 10.2 to 2.5% relative to the bare microchannel. Among several neutral polymers, poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA) and poly(dimethylacrylamide) coatings gave more suppressed and repeatable EOF with RSDs of less than 2.3%. The vacuum-drying method was also applicable to polyanions and polycations to provide accelerated and inversed EOF, respectively, with acceptable RSDs of less than 4.9%. In the microchip electrophoresis (MCE) analysis of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the vacuum-dried and thermally-treated PVA coating channel, an almost symmetric peak of BSA was obtained, while in the native microchannel a significantly skewed peak was observed. The results demonstrated that the vacuum-dried polymer coatings were effective to control the EOF, and reduced the surface adsorption of proteins in MCE.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. R. Castro and A. Manz, J. Chromatogr. A, 2015, 1382, 66.
N. Nuchtavorna, W. Suntornsukc, S. M. Lunted, and L. Suntornsuk, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., in press, doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2015.03.002.
M. C. Breadmore, J. Chromatogr. A, 2012, 1221, 42.
V. Dolnik and S. Liu, J. Sep. Sci., 2005, 28, 1994.
V. Dolnik, S. Liu, and S. Jovanovich, Electrophoresis, 2000, 21, 41.
J. Zhou, A. V. E. Ellis, and N. H. Voelckerm, Electrophoresis, 2010, 31, 2.
J. Liu and M. L. Lee, Electrophoresis, 2006, 27, 3533.
D. Belder and M. Ludwig, Electrophoresis, 2003, 24, 3595.
E. A. S. Doherty, R. J. Meagher, M. N. Albarghouthi, and A. E. Barron, Electrophoresis, 2003, 24, 34.
J. Horvath and V. Dolnik, Electrophoresis, 2001, 22, 644.
S. L. R. Barker, M. J. Tarlov, H. Canavan, J. J. Hickman, and L. E. Locascio, Anal. Chem., 2000, 72, 4899.
T. Kawai, K. Sueyoshi, F. Kitagawa, and K. Otsuka, Anal. Chem., 2010, 82, 6504.
D. Wu, Y. Luo, X. Zhou, Z. Dai, and B. Lin, Electrophoresis, 2005, 26, 211.
K. Otsuka, K. Sueyoshi, Y. Hori, and F. Kitagawa, Japanese Patent Application, 2014, 069677.
K. Nii, K. Sueyoshi, K. Otsuka, and M. Takai, Microfluid. Nanofluid., 2013, 14, 951.
K. Sueyoshi, Y. Hori, and K. Otsuka, Microfluid. Nanofluid., 2013, 14, 933.
X. H. Huang, M. H. Gordon, and R. N. Zare, Anal. Chem., 1988, 60, 1837.
J. L. Pittman, C. S. Henry, and S. D. Gilman, Anal. Chem., 2003, 75, 361.
I. Rodríguez and N. Chandrasekhar, Electrophoresis, 2005, 26, 1114.
J. Horvath and V. Dolnik, Electrophoresis, 2001, 22, 644.
J. A. Kim, J. Y. Lee, S. Seong, S. H. Cha, S. H. Lee, J. J. Kim, and T. H. Park, Biochem. Eng. J., 2006, 29, 91.
D. P. Wu, B. X. Zhao, Z. P. Dai, J. H. Qin, and B. C. Lin, Lab Chip, 2006, 6, 942.
M. Gilges, M. H. Kleemiss, and G. Schomburg, Anal. Chem., 1994, 66, 2038.
Y. Okamoto, F. Kitagawa, and K. Otsuka, Electrophoresis, 2006, 27, 1031.
Y. Ikada, H. Iwata, F. Horii, T. Matsunaga, M. Taniguchi, M. Suzuki, W. Taki, S. Yamagata, Y. Yonekawa, and H. Handa, Biomed. Mater. Res., 1981, 15, 697.
F. B. Erim, A. Cifuentes, H. Poppe, and J. C. Kraak, J. Chromatogr. A, 1995, 708, 356.
F. Kitagawa, M. Kamiya, Y. Okamoto, H. Taji, S. Onoue, Y. Tsuda, and K. Otsuka, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2006, 386, 594.
F. Kitagawa, T. Kawai, and K. Otsuka, Anal. Sci., 2013, 29, 1129.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kitagawa, F., Nakagawara, S., Nukatsuka, I. et al. Simple and Rapid Immobilization of Coating Polymers on Poly(dimethyl siloxane)-glass Hybrid Microchips by a Vacuum-drying Method. ANAL. SCI. 31, 1171–1175 (2015). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.31.1171
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.31.1171