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Tetramic acid-motif natural products from a marine fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum FB06 and their anti-Parkinson activities

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Abstract

Tetramic acid-containing natural products are attracting significantly increasing attention from biologists and chemists due to their intriguing structures and biological activities. In the present study, two new tetramic acid alkaloids tolypyridone I (1) and tolypyridone J (2), together with five known ones (37), were isolated from cultures of a marine fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum FB06 isolate obtained from a marine sediment in Beaufort sea of North Alaska. Their structures were elucidated using 1D, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS. Their configurations were established on the basis of 1H coupling constants, ROESY correlations and DP4 calculations. Compound 2 was isolated as mixtures of rotational isomers with C-3 to C-7 axis between 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone and 1-ethyl-3,5-dimethylcyclohexane, hindering rotation. In our unbiased screening to discover neuroprotective compounds in an in vitro Parkinson’s disease (PD) model, SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells were treated with isolated compounds followed by treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a parkinsonian neurotoxin. Among tested compounds, F-14329 (7) significantly protected cells from MPP+-induced cytotoxicity. MPP+-mediated cell death is known to be related to the regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins, specifically the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax levels. Treatment with 2 mmol/L of MPP+ for 24 h significantly reduced Bcl-2 levels compared to control treated with vehicle. However, treatment with F-14329 (7) attenuated such reduction. This study demonstrates that tetramic acid-motif compounds could be potential lead compounds for treating PD.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the New Faculty Startup Fund from Seoul National University and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2021R1A2C1004958, 2022R1A4A3022401, and RS-2023-00209597).

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Contributions

YJ and CK conducted experiment implementation and prepared the original draft manuscript. JK conducted the computational work. JWL, M-KS, and SHS provided the experimental ideas, helped data analysis, and revised the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Min-Kyoo Shin or Sang Hee Shim.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by the authors.

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Edited by Chengchao Chen.

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Jung, Y., Kwon, C., Kim, T. et al. Tetramic acid-motif natural products from a marine fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum FB06 and their anti-Parkinson activities. Mar Life Sci Technol 6, 84–92 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-023-00198-7

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