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Probable sarcopenia: associations with common geriatric syndromes and comorbidities in Turkish geriatric patients from a university hospital

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Key summary points

AbstractSection Aim

To identify the associations between probable sarcopenia and common geriatric syndromes in a sample of community-dwelling older adults.

AbstractSection Findings

The prevalence of probable sarcopenia was 12.7%; frailty, male sex and chronic kidney disease were identified as independent associations of sarcopenia.

AbstractSection Message

Frailty screening should be carried out and comorbidity status should be identified in the presence of probable sarcopenia without waiting for loss of muscle mass to ensure the early application of appropriate measures.

Abstract

Purpose

EWGSOP2 defines “probable sarcopenia” as the presence of low muscle strength without non-muscle causes. The associations of probable sarcopenia have been studied in few reports to date, and our intention in this study is to identify associations of probable sarcopenia with common geriatric syndromes in a sample of older adults who attended the geriatric outpatient clinic of Istanbul University Hospital.

Methods

The present study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional study. We performed a comprehensive geriatric assessment to the participants. Univariate analyses were performed to determine relationship of probable sarcopenia with age, sex, common geriatric syndromes, i.e., frailty, falls, polypharmacy, malnutrition, and comorbidities, i.e., diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure (CHF), depression, osteoporosis, and the variables found to be significant were included in logistic regression analyses. The results are presented as an odds ratio (OR), with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Included in the study were 456 participants with a mean age of 74.6 ± 6.6 years, of which 71.1% were female. Probable sarcopenia was identified in 12.7% (n = 58) of the sample. A multivariate analysis was carried out, the factors associated with probable sarcopenia were identified as male sex (OR 0.269, 95% CI 0.142–0.510), frailty (OR 4.265, 95% CI 2.200–8.267) and chronic kidney disease (OR 3.084, 95% CI 1.105–8.608).

Conclusion

Probable sarcopenia was more significantly associated with frailty than with other geriatric syndromes, signifying its importance as a marker for frailty. The study further identified chronic renal failure as a factor significantly associated with probable sarcopenia among the variety of studied diseases that frequently accompany aging.

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Data availability

Data are available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Duygu Erbas Sacar, Cihan Kilic, Meryem Merve Oren, Tugba Erdogan, Serdar Ozkok, Caglar Ozer Aydın, Nezahat Muge Catikkas, Mehmet Akif Karan and Gulistan Bahat confirm their compliance with the ethical guidelines related to the authorship and publishing of the European Geriatric Medicine.

Funding

This research did not benefit from any specific grant from any funding agency operating in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Topkapı Mahallesi, Turgut Özal Street No: 118, 34093 Fatih/İstanbul Capa, 34390, Istanbul, Turkey

    Duygu Erbas Sacar, Cihan Kılıc, Tugba Erdogan, Serdar Ozkok, Caglar Ozer Aydın, Nezahat Muge Catikkas, Mehmet Akif Karan & Gulistan Bahat

  2. Department of Public Health, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Topkapı Mahallesi, Turgut Özal Street No: 118, 34093 Fatih/İstanbul, Istanbul, Turkey

    Meryem Merve Oren

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  1. Duygu Erbas Sacar
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Contributions

DES: conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft preparation, writing—review and editing, and formal analysis. CK: formal analysis. MMO: data curation and formal analysis. TE: data curation. SO: data curation. COA: data curation. NMC: data curation. MAK: writing—review and editing and supervision. GB: writing—review and editing and supervision. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Duygu Erbas Sacar.

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Ethical approval was granted by the Istanbul University Istanbul Medical School ethical Board.

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Erbas Sacar, D., Kılıc, C., Oren, M.M. et al. Probable sarcopenia: associations with common geriatric syndromes and comorbidities in Turkish geriatric patients from a university hospital. Eur Geriatr Med 13, 1299–1308 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-022-00691-9

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