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Potential antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of Anoectochilus roxburghii rhizome cultures

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Abstract

Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. is a precious herb plant and its rhizome cultures can be used as an alternative plant material. To utilize rhizomes in practical production, this study investigated the antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of the rhizome extract (RhE) from (A) roxburghii, and further clarified the antibacterial mechanism. Results showed that RhE inhibited the growth of all tested bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis) and the highest inhibitory zone (18.6 mm) was found on (B) subtilis, which was 4.8 mm more than the extract (PE) from the field-grown plants of (A) roxburghii. The RhE treatment increased the leakage of the alkaline phosphatase, electrolyte, nucleic acid, and protein of (B) subtilis, indicating that the cell permeability was increased. Furthermore, RhE inhibited the respiration of B. subtilis and decreased the activity eof the key enzyme (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) in the hexose monophosphate (HMP) pathway, proving that RhE was involved in the HMP pathway. In addition, RhE inhibited bacterial biofilm formation, which was higher than PE; Among the four tested bacteria, RhE treatment had strong inhibitory effect on biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. The findings suggested that A. roxburghii rhizome cultures are the potential material in the production of antibacterial and anti-biofilm products.

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Abbreviations

AKP:

Alkaline phosphatase

BP:

Beef peptone

CBB:

Coomassie brilliant blue

EC:

Electrical conductivity

HMP:

Hexose monophosphate

MIC:

Minimal inhibitory concentration

PE:

Extracts of plants

RhE:

Extracts of rhizomes

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Education Department of Jilin Province of China (Grant No. JJKH20191129KJ).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Park Road, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China

    Ming-Zhi Fan, Xiao-Long Jiang, Xuan-Chun Piao, Xue-Feng Li, Mei-Yu Jin & Mei-Lan Lian

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  1. Ming-Zhi Fan
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  2. Xiao-Long Jiang
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  3. Xuan-Chun Piao
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  4. Xue-Feng Li
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  5. Mei-Yu Jin
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  6. Mei-Lan Lian
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Contributions

MZF conducted antibacterial experiment; XLJ determined bioactive compound contents; XFL conducted anti-biofilm experiment; XCP analyzed the data; MYJ and MLL designed the experiments and wrote the paper.

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Correspondence to Mei-Yu Jin or Mei-Lan Lian.

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Fan, MZ., Jiang, XL., Piao, XC. et al. Potential antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of Anoectochilus roxburghii rhizome cultures. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 31, 625–636 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-021-00755-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-021-00755-0

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