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Revisiting dextran effect on red blood cell to understand the importance of rouleaux distribution and red blood cell-endothelial cell adhesion

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Abstract

Biopolymers are naturally synthesized from algae, fungi, and plants. One among them is dextran, which has been extensively studied and still being explored to clarify its mechanistic function in supporting red blood cell (RBC) aggregation. Although its importance is widely established, in our present study, we have reexamined RBC aggregation stability by evaluating distribution of RBC rouleaux shape and its adhesive nature towards endothelial cell (EC) in a non-flowing environment. Our observation on aggregated RBC, besides showing increment in rouleaux number, also revealed increment in rouleaux size by exhibiting constant rouleaux shapes namely I-shape, L-shape, Y-shape, and clump-shaped with gradient change in dextran concentration (450–650 kDa). In addition, our study also highlights that aside from stimulating aggregation in RBC, dextran (7.5 and 10% DEX) consistently promotes single RBC adhesion towards EC than aggregated RBCs. Overall, our present study demonstrates rouleaux shape distribution and single RBC adhesion to EC as an important causative factor in provoking abnormalities. From the obtained data, we postulate that dextran-RBC interactions must be considered when designing biomaterials with dextran biopolymer for clinical applications.

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Abbreviations

DEX:

Dextran

DMEM:

Dulbecco Modified Eagle medium

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

SFM:

Serum-free medium (DMEM without FBS)

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Centre for nanoscience and technology, Anna University, Chennai, India for the instrumental facility. All the authors thank Dr. Suvro Chatterjee lab members (Suganya Natarajan, Harshini Sridharan and Prattusha Sengupta) for their assistance in this study.

Funding

This work was supported by a grant from Centre for research, Anna University, India, to MV; the University Grant Commission-Faculty Research Program (UGC-FRP), Government of India, to SC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India

    Mahalakshmi Vijayaraghavan, Suvro Chatterjee & Tamilselvan Jayavelu

  2. AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, MIT Campus, Chennai, India

    Mahalakshmi Vijayaraghavan & Suvro Chatterjee

  3. Dr. A.P.J, Abdul Kalam Centre for Excellence in Innovation & Entrepreneurship, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed University, Maduravoyal, Chennai, 600095, India

    V. N. Sumantran

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  1. Mahalakshmi Vijayaraghavan
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  2. Suvro Chatterjee
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  3. V. N. Sumantran
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  4. Tamilselvan Jayavelu
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Contributions

MV prepared the manuscript, performed the experiments, and analyzed the data; SC supervised and designed the experiments and approved the manuscript. SVN contributed to the discussion and reviewed the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to V. N. Sumantran or Tamilselvan Jayavelu.

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Research involving human participants

The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Biosafety and Ethical Committee of AU-KBC Research Centre, Chennai, India (Annexure I: Project Number III dated 19 July 2016).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Vijayaraghavan, M., Chatterjee, S., Sumantran, V.N. et al. Revisiting dextran effect on red blood cell to understand the importance of rouleaux distribution and red blood cell-endothelial cell adhesion. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02851-0

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