Abstract
The present study demonstrates the synthesis of novel polyol-based deep eutectic solvents, named as PDES, which can be utilized as an industrial lubricant for MEMS applications and as anti-wear, anti-corrosive additive for biodegradable lubricants. The synthesized PDES was characterized by FT-IR and NMR for structural determination. The performance evaluation of the tribological properties of synthesized bio-additives was carried out by using a four-ball tribotester. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) appended with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to characterize the worn surfaces. The synthesized additive showed excellent tribo-performance in terms of anti-wear and anti-friction properties when blended with cotton seed oil. The maximum reduction in coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter was found to be 56% and 89.42%, respectively at 5 wt% dose of the additive.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mu L, Wu J, Matsakas L, Chen M, Vahidi A, Grahn M, Rova U, Christakopoulos P, Zhu J, Shi Y (2018) Lignin from hardwood and softwood biomass as a lubricating additive to ethylene glycol. Molecules 23(3):537. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23030537
Deutsch J, Köckritz A (2020) Synthesis of novel chemicals from cardanol as a product of cashew nutshell processing. Food Sci Nutr 8(7):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1480
Opia AC, Hamid MKBA, Syahrullail S, Rahim ABA, Johnson CAN (2021) Biomass as a potential source of sustainable fuel, chemical, and tribological materials–overview. Mater Today: Proceedings 39(2):922–928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.04.045
Adhvaryu A, Erhan SZ, Perez JM (2004) Tribological studies of thermally and chemically modified vegetable oils for use as environmentally friendly lubricants. Wear 257(3–4):359–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2004.01.005
Hooshmand SE, Afshari R, Ramón DJ, Varma RS (2020) Deep eutectic solvents: cutting-edge applications in cross-coupling reactions. Green Chem 22:3668–3692. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC01494J
Khandelwal S, Tailor YK, Kumar M (2016) Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as eco-friendly and sustainable solvent/catalyst systems in organic transformations. J Mol Liq 215:345–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2015.12.015
Xu H, Peng J, Kong Y, Liu Y, Su Z, Li B, Song X, Liu S, Tian W (2020) Key process parameters for deep eutectic solvents pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass materials: a review. Bioresour Technol 310:123416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123416
Shishov A, Pochivalov A, Nugbienyo L, Andruch V, Bulatov A (2020) Deep eutectic solvents are not only effective extractants. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 129:115956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2020.115956
Owyeung RE, Sonkusale SR, Panzer MJ (2020) Influence of hydrogen bond donor identity and intentional water addition on the properties of gelatin-supported deep eutectic solvent gels. J Phys Chem B 124(28):5986–5992
Wazeer I, Hayyan M, Hadj-Kali MK (2018) Deep eutectic solvents: designer fluids for chemical processes. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 93(4):945–958. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5491
Ahmed EI, Abbott AP, Ryder KS (2017) Lubrication studies of some type III deep eutectic solvents (D.E.S.s). AIP Conf Proc A.I.P. Publishing L.L.C. 1888:020006. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5004283
Abbott AP, Ahmed EI, Harris RC, Ryder KS (2014) Evaluating water-miscible deep eutectic solvents (D.E.S.s) and ionic liquids as potential lubricants. Green Chem 16(9):4156–4161. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4GC00952E
Nagendramma P, Goyal S, Ray A, Singh J, Atrey N (2019) Studies on the sustainability of vegetable oil as a biocompatible multipurpose green lubes and additives. Ind J Chem Tech 26:454–457. http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/50664
Kaur A, Singh B, Kaur A, Singh N (2020) Changes in chemical properties and oxidative stability of refined vegetable oils during short-term deep-frying cycles. J Food Process Pres 44(6):e14445. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.14445
Xu Y, Zhang X, Zhao H, Chen W, Yan X, Liu CL, H, Xu B, (2019) Synthesis characterization, and surface-active properties of carboxylbetaine and sulfobetaine surfactants based on vegetable oil. J Surfactants Deterg 22(1):103–114. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsde.12193
Jibril B, Mjalli F, Naser J, Gano Z (2014) New tetrapropylammonium bromide-based deep eutectic solvents: synthesis and characterizations. J Mol Liq 199:462–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2014.08.004
Pamies R, Espejo C, Carrión FJ, Morina A, Neville A, Bermúdez MD (2017) Rheological behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotube-imidazolium tosylate ionic liquid dispersions. J Rheol 61:279–289. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4975108
Zhang Q, Vigier KDO, Royer S, Jerome F (2012) Deep eutectic solvents: syntheses, properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev 41(21):7108–7146. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2CS35178A
Yusof R, Abdulmalek E, Sirat K, Rahman MBA (2014) Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr)-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and their physical properties. Molecules 19(6):8011–8026. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19068011
Mordukhovich G, Israelachvili JN (2013) Method for controlling a coefficient of friction. US8551576B2
García G, Aparicio S, Ullah R, Atilhan M (2015) Deep eutectic solvents: physicochemical properties and gas separation applications. Energy Fuels 29(4):2616–2644. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef5028873
Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the Analytical Sciences Division of the Institute for providing the analysis of the samples. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, is kindly acknowledged for providing financial assistance to carry out the reported work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Publisher's note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nagendramma, P., Khatri, P.K., Goyal, S. et al. Novel polyol-based deep eutectic solvent: a potential candidate for bio-lubricant and additive for tribological performance. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 5701–5708 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01611-w
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01611-w