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Review of silicon-based alloys for lithium-ion battery anodes

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International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Silicon (Si) is widely considered to be the most attractive candidate anode material for use in next-generation high-energy-density lithium (Li)-ion batteries (LIBs) because it has a high theoretical gravimetric Li storage capacity, relatively low lithiation voltage, and abundant resources. Consequently, massive efforts have been exerted to improve its electrochemical performance. While some progress in this field has been achieved, a number of severe challenges, such as the element’s large volume change during cycling, low intrinsic electronic conductivity, and poor rate capacity, have yet to be solved. Methods to solve these problems have been attempted via the development of nanosized Si materials. Unfortunately, reviews summarizing the work on Si-based alloys are scarce. Herein, the recent progress related to Si-based alloy anode materials is reviewed. The problems associated with Si anodes and the corresponding strategies used to address these problems are first described. Then, the available Si-based alloys are divided into Si/Li-active and inactive systems, and the characteristics of these systems are discussed. Other special systems are also introduced. Finally, perspectives and future outlooks are provided to enable the wider application of Si-alloy anodes to commercial LIBs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52074360), the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province (No. 2020JJ2047), the Program of Huxiang Young Talents (No. 2019RS2002), and the Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University (No. 2020CX027).

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  1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Zhi-yuan Feng, Wen-jie Peng, Zhi-xing Wang, Hua-jun Guo, Xin-hai Li, Guo-chun Yan & Jie-xi Wang

  2. Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Zhi-xing Wang, Hua-jun Guo, Guo-chun Yan & Jie-xi Wang

  3. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Zhi-xing Wang, Hua-jun Guo, Xin-hai Li, Guo-chun Yan & Jie-xi Wang

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  1. Zhi-yuan Feng
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Feng, Zy., Peng, Wj., Wang, Zx. et al. Review of silicon-based alloys for lithium-ion battery anodes. Int J Miner Metall Mater 28, 1549–1564 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-021-2335-x

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