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It Is All about Probiotics to Control Cervical Cancer

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Abstract

Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common malignancy in female patients. “Human papillomavirus” (HPV) contamination is a leading cause of all forms of cervical cancer, accounting for an expected 570,000 reported incidents in 2018. Two HPV strains (16 and 18) are responsible for 70% of CC and pre-cancerous cervical abnormalities. CC is one of the foremost reasons for the malignancy death rate in India among women ranging from 30 to 69 years of age in India, responsible for 17% of all cancer deaths. Currently approved cervical cancer treatments are associated with adverse reactions that might harm the lives of women affected by this disease. Consequently, probiotics can play a vital role in the treatment of CC. It is reflected from various studies regarding the role of probiotics in the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of cancer. In this review article, we have discussed the rationale of probiotics for treatment of CC, the role of probiotics as effective adjuvants in anti-cancer therapy and the combined effect of the anti-cancer drug along with probiotics to minimize the side effects due to chemotherapy.

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Data Availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analysed in this study.

Abbreviations

CC:

Cervical cancer

HPV:

Human papillomavirus

MDR:

Multi-drug resistance

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

P-gp:

P-glycoprotein

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

GPCRs:

G protein-coupled receptors

Th17:

T-helper 17

SCFAs:

Short-chain fatty acids

N.K. cell:

Natural killer cell

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

TLR4:

Toll-like receptor 4

NF-κβ:

Nuclear factor-Κb

D. C. :

Dendritic cell

sIgA:

Soluble IgA

IBS:

Irritable bowel syndrome

IFN-γ:

Interferon-gamma

PRF1:

Perforin 1

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

Gpx:

Glutathione peroxidase

GST:

Glutathione-S-transferase

CIN:

Intraepithelial neoplasia

O. S.:

Oxidative stress

LAB:

Lactic acid bacteria

4-NOO:

4-Nitroquinoline 1-oxide

EPS:

Exopolysaccharides

TNF-α:

Tumour necrosis factor

CFU:

Colony-forming unit

CTLA-4:

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4

PD-1:

Programmed death-1

IL-13:

Interleukin-13

ZO-1:

Zonulae occludentes

L. S.:

lactobacillus Supernatants

G. I.:

Gastrointestinal

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Pandaveswar, West Bengal, 713346, India

    Sumel Ashique

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India

    Abdul Faruk

  3. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India

    Farhan Jalees Ahmad & Tasneem Khan

  4. Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gwalior, 474005, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Neeraj Mishra

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  1. Sumel Ashique
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  2. Abdul Faruk
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  3. Farhan Jalees Ahmad
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  4. Tasneem Khan
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  5. Neeraj Mishra
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S.A. Concept and drafting, A.F. Review and research methodology, F.J.A. Editing and visualization, T.K. Writing, N.M. Data curation.

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Correspondence to Abdul Faruk.

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Ashique, S., Faruk, A., Ahmad, F.J. et al. It Is All about Probiotics to Control Cervical Cancer. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 16, 979–992 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-023-10183-2

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