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Preparation of quasi-isotropic thermal conductive composites by interconnecting spherical alumina and 2D boron nitride flakes

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Abstract

Achieving thermal management composite material with isotropic thermal dissipation property by using an environmentally friendly and efficient method is one of the most challenging techniques as a traditional approach tending to form a horizontally arranged network within the polymer matrix or the preparation steps which are unduly cumbersome. What presented here is a close-stack thermally conductive three-dimensional (3D) hybrid network structure prepared by a simple and green strategy that intercalating the modified aluminum oxide (m-Al2O3) spheres of different sizes into the modified two-dimensional (2D) boron nitride (m-h-BN) flakes. An effective 3D network is created by the multi-dimensional fillers through volume exclusion and synergistic effects. The m-h-BN flakes facilitate in-plane heat transfer, while the variously sized m-Al2O3 spheres insert into the gaps between adjacent m-h-BN flakes, which is conducive to the heat transfer in the out-of-plane direction. Additionally, strong interactions between the m-Al2O3 and m-h-BN promote the effective heat flux inside the 3D hybrid network structure. The 3D hybrid composite displays favorable quasi-isotropic heat dissipation property (through-plane thermal conductivity of 2.2 W·m−1·K−1 and in-plane thermal conductivity of 11.6 W·m−1·K−1) in comparison with the single-filler composites. Furthermore, the hybrid-filler composite has excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. The efficient heat dissipation capacity of the hybrid composite is further confirmed by a finite element simulation, which indicates that the sphere–flake hybrid structure possesses a higher thermal conductivity and faster thermal response performance than the single-filler system. The composite material has great potential in meeting the needs of emerging and advancing power systems.

Graphical abstract

摘要

由于传统的制备方法往往是在聚合物基体内形成水平排列的导热网络, 或者制备步骤过于繁琐, 通过环保高效的方法来获得具有各向同性散热性能的导热复合材料仍是最具挑战性的技术之一。本文采用一种简单且绿色的制备策略, 将不同尺寸的改性三氧化二铝(m-Al2O3)球插入到改性的二维氮化硼(m-h-BN)薄片中, 制备了一种致密叠置的导热三维混合网络结构。多维填充体通过其体积排除和协同效应从而构建了有效的三维网络。其中, m-h-BN片有利于面内传热, 而不同尺寸的m-Al2O3球嵌入到相邻m-h-BN片之间的间隙中, 有利于面外方向的传热。此外, m-Al2O3 和 m-h-BN 之间的强相互作用促进了 三维混合网络结构内的有效传热。与单填料复合材料相比, 三维杂化复合材料具有良好的准各向同性散热性能(面外导热系数为2.2 W·m−1·K−1, 面内导热系数为11.6 W·m−1·K−1)。此外, 该复合材料具有良好的力学性能和热稳定性。通过有限元模拟进一步验证了该复合材料的有效散热能力, 证明了球片复合结构具有比单一填料体系更高的导热系数和更快的热响应性能。该复合材料具有很大的潜力以满足新兴先进电力系统的需求。

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51972162).

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  1. Hao-Ting Niu and Yi Zhang have contributed equally to this work.

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  1. National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China

    Hao-Ting Niu, Yi Zhang, Guang Xiao, Xu-Hua He & Ya-Gang Yao

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Niu, HT., Zhang, Y., Xiao, G. et al. Preparation of quasi-isotropic thermal conductive composites by interconnecting spherical alumina and 2D boron nitride flakes. Rare Met. 42, 1283–1293 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02195-8

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