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The Effects of Toxic Metals in Chinese Traditional Glutinous Wine From Industrial and Commercial Areas: Spatial and Potential Health Risk

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Abstract

Heavy metals in industrial areas threaten local resident health through multiple routes, in particular the contaminated food. Traditional glutinous rice wine (GRW) is a popular drink in China. However, the toxic metal pollution status of GRW remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to compare intake level and the effects of GRW on health risk among residents between industrial area and commercial area in the central of China. The results indicated the mean concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) of all GRW samples in industrial area were 0.78, 0.13 and 0.09 mg/L which had exceeded both of Chinese glutinous rice wine detection standard (DB46/T 120-2008) and National standard of Food safety (GB2762-2017), whereas the lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As)concentrations were normal in the commercial area. Health risk assessment showed industrial area had a higher risk of non-cancer health diseases via intake of lead (Pb), Cd and As in the order: Cd > lead (Pb) > As. The total hazard index (HI) in industrial area was 4.580 whereas in commercial area the HI was 0.491, respectively. Further, in the industrial area, the cancer risk (CR) of lead (Pb) was 9.523 × 10–6 and Cd was 6.53 × 10–2, whereas in commercial area, the CR of lead (Pb) was 1.286 × 10–6 and Cd was 2.60 × 10–3. The principal components analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis further identified high concentration of lead (Pb), Cd and As in the industrial area is due to industrial-related activities. Our findings emphasize the importance of following consumer advice with respect to GRW and urgent action should be taken to reduce the detrimental health effects to the industrial residents.

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Data sharing not applicable to this article as no data sets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1803124 and 82073486), and the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2019JJ40396), and the Graduate Research Innovation Program of Central South University (Nos. 2021zzts0325, 2021zzts0966, 2021zzts0970), and Key project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission, Food Safety Risk Monitoring (2021).

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  1. Guofeng Ren and Ping Ding have contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan Province, China

    Guofeng Ren, Liangji Ma, Ping Ding, Jing Jin, Xiandan Yang, Zhao Ju & Ruixue Huang

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  1. Guofeng Ren
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  2. Liangji Ma
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  3. Ping Ding
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  4. Jing Jin
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  7. Ruixue Huang
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Contributions

RX H conceived and designed the study; GF R, J J, Z J, P D and LJ M analyzed the data and performed the statistical analysis. GF R, and P D wrote the majority of the major revision version. RX H drafted the initial manuscript, RX H critically reviewed and revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ruixue Huang.

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Ren, G., Ma, L., Ding, P. et al. The Effects of Toxic Metals in Chinese Traditional Glutinous Wine From Industrial and Commercial Areas: Spatial and Potential Health Risk. Expo Health 14, 253–262 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12403-021-00426-4

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