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Fast and highly reversible Na+ intercalation/extraction in Zn/Mg dual-doped P2-Na0.67MnO2 cathode material for high-performance Na-ion batteries

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Abstract

P2-type layered Na0.67MnO2 has been considered to be a promising candidate cathode material for sodium ion batteries. Nevertheless, the undesired phase transitions during operation and the large Na+ radius induced sluggish ion diffusion remain the stumbling blocks to realize its high performance. Herein, we propose a Zn/Mg co-doping strategy, which is proved to have bifunctional effects. First, relative to the pristine P2-Na0.67MnO2 and the single-ion (Zn/Mg) doped samples, the Zn/Mg dual-doped P2-Na0.67MnO2 demonstrates a lower Mn3+/Mn4+ ratio and a higher lattice O content, which facilitate the structural stability of the cathode material. More intriguingly, the Zn/Mg co-doping gives rise to enlarged interplanar spacing, which provides spacious ion diffusion channels for fast Na+ intercalation/extraction. As a result, the Zn/Mg dual-doped sample exhibits a high Na+ diffusion coefficient and a solid-solution reaction during charge/discharge, with a cell volume change determined to be only 0.55%. Taking advantages of the above favorable features, the Zn/Mg dual-doped P2-Na0.67MnO2 demonstrates a high rate performance with 67.2 mAh·g−1 delivered at 10 C and a decent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 93.8% achieved at 1 C after 100 cycles. This work introduces the Zn/Mg co-doping strategy to simultaneously improve the cycling stability and rate capability of P2-Na0.67MnO2, which may offer a promising avenue for further performance enhancement of the layered Na-ion batteries cathode materials.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 91834301, 91534102, and 21808046) and Anhui Provincial Science and Technology Department Foundation (No. 201903a05020021).

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  1. Xiaoqin Huang and Deli Li contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China

    Xiaoqin Huang, Deli Li, Haijian Huang, Xiao Jiang, Zeheng Yang & Weixin Zhang

  2. Anhui Key Laboratory of Controllable Chemical Reaction & Material Chemical Engineering, Hefei, 230009, China

    Xiaoqin Huang, Deli Li, Haijian Huang, Xiao Jiang, Zeheng Yang & Weixin Zhang

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  1. Xiaoqin Huang
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  2. Deli Li
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Correspondence to Haijian Huang or Weixin Zhang.

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Fast and highly reversible Na+ intercalation/extraction in Zn/Mg dual-doped P2-Na0.67MnO2 cathode material for high-performance Na-ion batteries

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Huang, X., Li, D., Huang, H. et al. Fast and highly reversible Na+ intercalation/extraction in Zn/Mg dual-doped P2-Na0.67MnO2 cathode material for high-performance Na-ion batteries. Nano Res. 14, 3531–3537 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3715-2

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