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Highly Sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance Refractive Index Sensor Based on D-Shaped Dual‑Core Photonic Crystal Fiber with ITO Film

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Abstract

In this research, we proposed and numerically investigated a D-shaped dual-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) refractive index (RI) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and a plasma material indium tin oxide (ITO) is deposited on the polished surface of a D-shaped PCF to produce the SPR effect. The proposed PCF sensor incorporates a dual-core structure and innovatively introduces an elliptical air hole, which increases the coupling of the SPR effect, resulting in a notable improvement in sensor performance. This enhancement enables the sensor to efficiently detect variations in the RI of the analyte. Utilizing the finite element method (FEM), we analyzed the influencing characteristics of sensor performance, meticulously investigating and optimizing various structural parameters. In the RI sensing range spanning from 1.18 to 1.33, the designed PCF sensor exhibits an outstanding maximum wavelength sensitivity of 29,300 nm/RIU, along with the highest achievable amplitude sensitivity of 261.01 RIU−1. Upon analyzing the light signal modulated by the sensor, the findings unequivocally demonstrate that the proposed sensor displays outstanding sensitivity to changes in the analyte’s RI via the SPR effect. This responsiveness enables effective and precise real-time detection. The proposed sensor is characterized by exceptional sensing performance, strong economic feasibility, and low manufacturing intricacy. Consequently, the proposed sensor can be used to detect medical oxygen, anesthetics, methane gas, glucose, fluorine-containing organics, etc., and it holds a diverse array of promising applications spanning industrial detection, biochemical analysis, and medical diagnostics.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Research Center of Optical Instruments and Systems, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China

    Yihong Fei, Biyun Luo, Mengdi An, Tianqi Hu, Wen Lin & Hongzhi Jia

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  1. Yihong Fei
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  2. Biyun Luo
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  3. Mengdi An
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  4. Tianqi Hu
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  5. Wen Lin
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  6. Hongzhi Jia
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Contributions

Yihong Fei proposed and designed the structure. Yihong Fei completed the simulation work and further improved the structural design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yihong Fei. Biyun Luo, Mengdi An and Hongzhi Jia proposed amendments and discussed. Tianqi Hu and Wen Lin inspected and reviewed the amendments. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hongzhi Jia.

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Fei, Y., Luo, B., An, M. et al. Highly Sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance Refractive Index Sensor Based on D-Shaped Dual‑Core Photonic Crystal Fiber with ITO Film. Plasmonics 19, 1633–1647 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-023-02103-5

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