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Plant microbe mediated enhancement in growth and yield of canola (Brassica napus L.) plant through auxin production and increased nutrient acquisition

  • Soils, Sec 2 • Global Change, Environ Risk Assess, Sustainable Land Use • Research Article
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

Application of beneficial microbes such as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and endophytic fungi as bio-fertilizer may act as a substitute to minimize the utilization of chemical fertilizers, which often cause negative impacts on environment. In this regard, bio-fertilizer resurged as an alternate and eco-friendly technique for sustainable agriculture to improve crop growth and yield by the introduction of beneficial microorganisms in soil. Therefore, this experiment was designed to investigate whether the following microbial candidates, i.e., Enterobacter sp., Bacillus sp., and Piriformospora indica have the ability to influence growth of canola through uptake of nutrient and production of growth hormone.

Materials and methods

A pot experiment with three beneficial microorganisms such as Enterobacter sp., Bacillus sp., and a root endophytic fungus, P. indica, was conducted on two cultivars of canola (DGL and Punjab canola). The bacterial strain of Enterobacter sp. MN17 and Bacillus sp. MN54 (108 bacteria per seed) were applied individually as well as along with fungal strain (P. indica), and their impact was assessed against an uninoculated control treatment under normal soil condition.

Results and discussion

Results depicted that application of Enterobacter sp. MN17 and Bacillus sp. MN54 with P. indica significantly increased growth, physiological attributes, nutrient uptake, and soil microbiological attributes of canola. In particular, treatment MN54 + P. indica showed highest improvement in shoot biomass, stem diameter, and root length 100%, 65%, and 50% respectively in var. DGL, while increase in number of pods per plant was also recorded for treatment MN17 + P. indica and MN54 + P. indica for DGL (63%) and Punjab Canola (73%), respectively, as compared to control plants. The combined inoculation also increased root or/and shoot nutrient uptake and enhanced plant auxin pool. Therefore, colonization of P. indica and microbial strain, especially Bacillus sp., improves plant health by enhancing root proliferation because of upregulation of auxin producing genes and release of organic acids, respectively, which leads to better nutrient uptake and eventually enhanced crop growth.

Conclusion

Our results proposed that inoculation of Bacillus sp. MN54 with P. indica could be exploited to increase crop growth and seed yield through enhanced nutrient uptake and production of plant growth hormones.

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Funding

The work was supported by the project of Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, grant number FCH-S-22–8001. The financial assistance was provided by Environment Science Lab., Soil Environmental Bio-Geochemistry Lab., Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, and University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan, to conduct this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Misha Iqbal, Muhammad Naveed & Muhammad Sanaullah

  2. Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, 61200, Brno, Czech Republic

    Martin Brtnicky, Jiri Kucerik & Adnan Mustafa

  3. Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, 61300, Czech Republic

    Martin Brtnicky, Jiri Holatko & Adnan Mustafa

  4. Department of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain

    M. Iftikhar Hussain

  5. Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benatska 2, 12800, Praha, Czech Republic

    Adnan Mustafa

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  1. Misha Iqbal
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Iqbal, M., Naveed, M., Sanaullah, M. et al. Plant microbe mediated enhancement in growth and yield of canola (Brassica napus L.) plant through auxin production and increased nutrient acquisition. J Soils Sediments 23, 1233–1249 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-022-03386-7

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