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Inland saline aquaculture increased carbon accumulation rate and stability in pond sediments under semi-arid climate

  • Sediments, Sec 2 • Physical and Biogeochemical Processes • Research Article
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

Similar to fresh- and brackish water aquaculture ponds, commercial shrimp farming in degraded saline areas holds the potential to bury carbon (C) in the sediments. However, studies on the mechanisms of sediment C dynamics and C-flux in response to inland saline aquaculture management practices are still scarce. Therefore, the objectives of the present study are to quantify the C burial rate in inland saline aquaculture ponds and assess the impact of inland saline aquaculture on sensitive C fractions in the bottom sediment of the ponds.

Materials and methods

The sediment samples (n = 12 from each pond) were collected from six shrimp farming ponds (1000 m2 area of each pond) of different ages. The sediment depth, sediment accumulation rate and the levels of total carbon (TC), total organic carbon (TOC) and sediment oxidizable organic carbon (SOC) and its different fractions were determined using standard procedures. The data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Duncan's multiple range test for comparing the means, and the Pearson correlation test was used to assess the relationship between the different pond sediment parameters and SOC content.

Results and discussion

The results revealed that the annual C accumulation rates varied from 902 to 1346 kg C ha−1 year−1 in 7-year-old earthen ponds (EPs) and bottom cemented ponds (BCPs), respectively. The sediment C fractions, including TC, TOC, SOC and its fractions (very labile, VLc; labile, Lc; less labile, LLc), and non-labile carbon (NLc)) were progressively increased over the pond age. The inland saline aquaculture practices over the years increased both active (AC) and passive carbon (PC) pools in the pond sediments, helped in the restoration and improvement of sediment quality and enhanced C sequestration potential of the sediments. Furthermore, a significant increase in the level of particulate organic carbon (POC) in BCPs justified that the non-ploughing practices at BCPs facilitated the formation of macro- and micro-aggregates, thereby increasing the C retention and stability of the pond sediments.

Conclusion

This study suggested that the shrimp farming ponds in semi-arid saline soils represented considerable C burial hotspots, enhanced the stable passive C pools and improved the sediment quality.

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Availability of data and material

The data that support the findings of the study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Head of the Division, Aquatic Environment and Health Management, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, for providing all the resources to complete the research work successfully.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 460001, India

    Vijay Kumar Aralappanavar, Vidya Shree Bharti, Govindarajan Rathi Bhuvaneswari, Gayatri Tripathi & Gopal Krishna

  2. Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India

    Raj Mukhopadhyay

  3. ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Rohtak, Haryana, 124411, India

    Satya Prakash & Vungarala Harikrishna

  4. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK

    Binoy Sarkar

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  1. Vijay Kumar Aralappanavar
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  2. Vidya Shree Bharti
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  3. Raj Mukhopadhyay
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Contributions

V.K.A.: experiment design, execution, sampling and analysis, manuscript first draft preparation and revisions; V.S.B.: conceptualization of the research idea, experimental design and supervision; R.M.: co-supervision, manuscript preparation, improvement and editing; S.P.: execution of the experiments, manuscript editing; V.H.: execution of the experiments; G.R.B.: manuscript editing; G.T.: conceptualization of the research idea; G.K.: conceptualization of the research idea; B.S.: data interpretation, manuscript preparation, improvement and editing.

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Correspondence to Vidya Shree Bharti or Binoy Sarkar.

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Aralappanavar, V.K., Bharti, V.S., Mukhopadhyay, R. et al. Inland saline aquaculture increased carbon accumulation rate and stability in pond sediments under semi-arid climate. J Soils Sediments 22, 672–681 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-021-03101-y

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