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Water-based resistance training program with isolated concentric action improves physical functional capacity and muscular strength in older women

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Abstract

Background

Resistance training has proven to be an excellent method for counteracting aging physical dysfunctions. However, its application in the liquid environment is not yet fully elucidated.

Aim

To investigate the effects of water-based resistance training (WBRT) with the concentric phase performed as fast as possible, compared to conventional resistance training (CRT), on physical functional capacity, muscle strength, and body composition in older women.

Methods

Thirteen healthy older women participated in the WBRT and 11 in the CRT. Estimation statistics focused on the effect size of the experiment/intervention were used. We also analyzed the intervention effect based on the percentage delta between WBRT and CRT.

Results

The WBRT group showed a negative large effect (d = − 0.922; p = 0.0274) for the timed up and go, and a large effect for chair rise in 30″ and the elbow flex test (d = 1.58; p = 0.0012; d = 2.8; p = 0.01) respectively. Intervention comparisons based on the delta percentage between WBRT and CRT presented an intermediate effect (d = 0.606; p = 0.157) for the stair climb, a large effect (d = 0.988; p = 0.0282) for the timed up and go, and a large negative effect [d = − 1.32 (90.0% CI − 1.92, − 0.646); p = 0.0038] for the elbow flex test. Concentric extensor-flexor peak torque (60°/s) showed an intermediate effect (d = 0.749; p = 0.0876; d = 0.65; p = 0.122 respectively). Body fat (%) demonstrated an intermediate effect (d = 0.523; p = 0.234).

Conclusion

WBRT with the concentric phase performed as fast as possible was able to improve physical functional capacity and maximal knee extension strength of older women.

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Funding

This work was supported in part by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Grant Number 001). This work was carried out under the research program Ciências do Movimento Humano of Federal University of Amazonas.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Estudo do Desempenho Humano, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. Gen. Rodrigo Otávio. 5614, Coroado, Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-005, Brazil

    Ana Victoria Costa Freitas & Ewertton de Souza Bezerra

  2. Programa de Pós Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil

    Inês Amanda Streit & Ewertton de Souza Bezerra

  3. Projeto de Extensão Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

    Inês Amanda Streit, Kayth Andrade Nascimento, Maria Carolina Oliveira de Sá, Alessandra Nunes Teixeira, Milenna Thamyres Alves do Nascimento & Ewertton de Souza Bezerra

  4. Centro de Estudo e Laboratório de Avaliação e Prescrição de Atividade Motora, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil

    Josefina Bertoli

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  1. Ana Victoria Costa Freitas
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Correspondence to Ewertton de Souza Bezerra.

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Ethical approval

All procedures involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration (2013: Seventh revision, 64th Meeting, Fortaleza, Brazil) and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards, Research Committee of the Federal University of Amazonas (number of the ethical report (3.034.332).

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Freitas, A.V.C., Streit, I.A., Bertoli, J. et al. Water-based resistance training program with isolated concentric action improves physical functional capacity and muscular strength in older women. Sport Sci Health 18, 375–385 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-021-00816-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-021-00816-w

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