Abstract
Myrtle rust (caused by Austropuccinia psidii Beenken) is exotic to Australia, yet specific resistance is present in a range of naïve myrtaceous host plants. Resistance to myrtle rust is primarily quantitative in nature and controlled by multiple interacting loci. We undertook a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to discover relationships between nuclear genomic sequence variation and multiple aspects of resistance to A. psidii in Eucalyptus obliqua, a representative species from subgenus Eucalyptus. Sequence variation was assessed with respect to numeric severity, binary symptomatic, hypersensitive, and pustulation responses to inoculation of seedlings with A. psidii. A total of 1.13 million, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested for association with the rust resistance responses of 637 phenotyped E. obliqua seedlings, each from different, single mother tree seedlots. Thirty-three highly significant SNP-trait associations were detected, of which 26 associated with the binary symptomatic/asymptomatic response to A. psidii. Comparison of the genomic position of these SNPs with rust resistance loci (Ppr1-5), previously reported in species from subgenus Symphyomyrtus, suggested that several were positioned near the major Ppr1 locus and other Ppr loci. This study provides the first integrated genomic view of A. psidii resistance across the Eucalyptus subgenera and provides the foundation for discovering key resistance genes for use in marker-based resistance breeding.
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Acknowledgements
WTLY received a scholarship from the Malaysian government via the Academic Training Scheme of Public Higher Education Institutions (Skim Latihan Akademik Institut Pengajian Tinggi Awam, SLAI). The authors would like to thank Alice Gower, Hossein Valipour Kahrood and Agnieszka Wujeska-Klause for their excellent technical support and Robert Park for having made available the specialized rust glasshouse facilities at the University of Sydney.
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All code for data analysis associated with this study is available in its electronic supplementary material.
Funding
This project was supported by Australian Research Council ARC-Linkage Project LP13010045 and associated partners.
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WTLY, PKA, GB, and JFGT conceived this research and designed experiments; WTLY, PKA, BMP, and JFGT participated in the design and interpretation of the data; WTLY, FAR, and KSS performed experiments and analysis; WTLY wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors participated in the revisions of it. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Communicated by C. Kulheim
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Key message
This is the first report of GWAS for myrtle rust resistance of a subgenus Eucalyptus species and the results highlight the potential of marker-based resistance breeding across Eucalyptus subgenera.
Supplementary Information
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Yong, W.T.L., Ades, P.K., Runa, F.A. et al. Genome-wide association study of myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) resistance in Eucalyptus obliqua (subgenus Eucalyptus). Tree Genetics & Genomes 17, 31 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-021-01511-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-021-01511-0