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Structurally enriched aliovalent Cd2+-doped SnO2 nanocrystals and their physicochemical investigations

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Abstract

In the present study, pristine and Cd2+ modified SnO2 compositions [Sn(1−y)CdyO2, where y = 0, 0.05, and 0.10] were synthesized by co-precipitation technique. Structural studies were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis which revealed that all the compositions exhibited tetragonal rutile-type crystal structure with P42/mnm space group with high purity (absence of secondary phases). FTIR spectra confirmed the formation of pristine and Cd2+ modified SnO2 nanocrystals as bend at 560 cm−1 attributed to Sn–O–Sn stretching vibrations. UV–Vis optical spectra displayed a sharp peak at ~ 304 nm and ~ 311 nm belonging to UV region (200–400 nm) and a small hump at 561 nm corresponding to the visible region for Cd2+-doped compositions. FESEM micrographs depicted the nano-scale formation of pristine and Cd2+ modified SnO2 nanocrystals calcined at 600 °C and showed that grain size increased from 45.66 ± 1.2 nm to 60.27 ± 2.7 nm with increasing Cd2+ concentrations. HRTEM images confirmed the tetragonal crystallinity of as-synthesized nanocrystals as fringes attributed to (110) plane orientation with d-spacing ~ 0.34 nm exactly matched with XRD studies. Dielectric analysis showed that dielectric constant decreased with increasing Cd2+ in the compositions and I–V curves illustrated linear or ohmic behavior with diminishing values of resistances for higher Cd2+ concentrations.

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Acknowledgements

Aseem Vashisht is thankful to Chairman, Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, for providing facilities to conduct research work. Naveen Kumar is thankful to the Director, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), Chandigarh, India, for the characterization of the materials. Shalini Tripathi acknowledges the TEM facility at Center for Integrated Nanotechnology, CINT, an Office of Science User Facility operated for U.S. DOE, Sandia National Laboratories.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

    Aseem Vashisht

  2. Department of Physics, Dev Samaj College for Women, Chandigarh, 160045, India

    Aseem Vashisht

  3. Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India

    Gulshan Dhillon

  4. Department of Metallurgy, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Ranvir Singh Panwar

  5. Department of Physics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Chandigarh, 160030, India

    Anupreet Kaur Bhatia

  6. Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA

    Shalini Tripathi

  7. Department of Physics, IEC University, Baddi, 173205, India

    Navdeep Sharma, Anju Saxena & Naveen Kumar

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  1. Aseem Vashisht
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Vashisht, A., Dhillon, G., Panwar, R.S. et al. Structurally enriched aliovalent Cd2+-doped SnO2 nanocrystals and their physicochemical investigations. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 16623–16633 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06217-6

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