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The role of Y2O3 in the bioactivity of YSZ/PLLA composites

  • Materials for life sciences
  • Published:
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Abstract

Yttria stabilized zirconia, one of the most common ceramics in the field of dentistry and in particular dental implantology, for decades has been wrongly considered to be completely bio-inert. In this work, we investigate the role of yttria on the bioactivity of yttria stabilized zirconia formulations, proving that the composite ceramic is actually bioactive, do not affect the cell adhesion and can stimulate cell proliferation, in vitro. To reduce to minimum the number of variables, yttria stabilized zirconia particles with different contents of yttria but similar average size and morphology have been used to reinforce an electrospun poly-l-lactide (PLLA) fibers. Characterization of both the ceramic particulates and the scaffolds confirmed the morphological and structural similarities between the samples, which were then tested in vitro using a human fetal osteoblasts model. The results showed that cell proliferation is enhanced by the presence of the composite ceramic additive, with higher contents of yttria being overall more effective. These results confirm that yttria plays a key role in the biocompatibility and bioactivity of ceramics and can be used to improve the chances for a positive outcome in the osteo-integration of dental implants and/or biomedical scaffolds.

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Abbreviations

PLLA:

Poly-l-lactide acid

YSZ:

Yttria stabilized zirconia

PMMA:

Poly(methyl methacrylate)

RFU:

Relative fluorescence units

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

ESEM:

Environmental scanning electron microscope

DAPI:

4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan

    Elia Marin, Orion Yoshikawa, Francesco Boschetto, Wenliang Zhu & Giuseppe Pezzotti

  2. Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan

    Elia Marin

  3. Department Polytechnic of Engineering and Architecture, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy

    Elia Marin & Alex Lanzutti

  4. Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council (CNR), 48018, Faenza, Italy

    Giada Bassi, Arianna Rossi, Monica Montesi & Silvia Panseri

  5. Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Studies “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100, Chieti, CH, Italy

    Giada Bassi

  6. Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Studies of Messina, 98122, Messina, ME, Italy

    Arianna Rossi & Huaizhong Xu

  7. Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kawaramachi Dori, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan

    Giuseppe Pezzotti

  8. The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Giuseppe Pezzotti

  9. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 565-0871, Japan

    Giuseppe Pezzotti

Authors
  1. Elia Marin
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  2. Giada Bassi
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Contributions

EM contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis, writing—original draft, visualization, project administration. GB contributed to investigation, data curation, visualization, writing. OY contributed to investigation, formal analysis. WZ contributed to supervision, writing—review & editing. AR contributed to investigation, data analysis, visualization. AL contributed to supervision, resources. HX contributed to methodology, resources. MM contributed to investigation, data analysis, review & editing. SP contributed to supervision, resources, validation, writing—review & editing. GP contributed to supervision, resources, writing—review & editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elia Marin.

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Marin, E., Bassi, G., Yoshikawa, O. et al. The role of Y2O3 in the bioactivity of YSZ/PLLA composites. J Mater Sci 58, 11218–11234 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08608-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08608-y

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