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Mitochondrial genome of the harmful algal bloom species Odontella regia (Mediophyceae, Bacillariophyta)

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Abstract

Recent development of DNA sequencing technologies has enabled successful construction of thousands of mitochondrial genomes. Nevertheless, only 33 mitochondrial genomes have been reported for species in Bacillariophyta, which includes harmful algal bloom (HAB) species. In this study, we determined the complete mitogenome of the Bacillariophyta HAB species Odontella regia. For comparison, we also constructed the mitogenome of Lithodesmium undulatum, another Bacillariophyta species. Both strains were isolated in the Jiaozhou Bay, an epitome of China’s coastal ecosystem and an ideal site for HAB research. These two mitogenomes were characterized as 37,617 bp and 37,057 bp circular-mapping molecules with AT content of 73.4% and 75.3%, respectively. The phylogenetic tree based on 32 protein-coding genes of the mitogenome encoded in 35 Bacillariophyta species revealed that the class Mediophyceae consisted of multi-phyletic clades. While O. regia formed an independent clade, L. undulatum was closely related to Thalassiosira pseudonana and Skeletonema marinoi. Synteny comparison of O. regia and L. undulatum mitogenomes and mitogenomes of three closely related species displayed substantial differences among lineages in Mediophyceae by a series of gene translocations and/or inversion with many conserved gene blocks such as rpl2-rps19-rps3-rpl16-atp9. These analyses suggested a complex evolutionary relationship in Mediophyceae in which the mitogenome of O. regia was the least conservative compared with the mitogenomes of four other Bacillariophyta species. Further studies are needed to clarify detailed phylogenetic relationships in Bacillariophyta.

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Acknowledgments

We are thankful to all staffs of the marine ecological environment genomics research group in the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. We also want to express our gratitude to the two anonymous reviewers for their critical comments and suggestions.

Funding

This research was supported by the Marine S & T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) (No. 2018SDKJ0504); the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB42000000) (to Nansheng Chen); the Chinese Academy of Sciences Pioneer Hundred Talents Program (to Nansheng Chen); the Taishan Scholar Project Special Fund (to Nansheng Chen); the Qingdao Innovation and Creation Plan (Talent Development Program-5th Annual Pioneer and Innovator Leadership Award to Nansheng Chen, 19-3-2-16-zhc); the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDB-SSW-DQC023) (to Feng Liu); and the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province (No. 2019JZZY020706) (to Feng Liu).

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  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Yichao Wang, Yang Chen, Jing Wang, Feng Liu & Nansheng Chen

  2. Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China

    Yichao Wang, Yang Chen, Jing Wang, Feng Liu & Nansheng Chen

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10039, China

    Yichao Wang & Yang Chen

  4. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Yichao Wang, Yang Chen, Jing Wang, Feng Liu & Nansheng Chen

  5. Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada

    Nansheng Chen

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  1. Yichao Wang
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Wang, Y., Chen, Y., Wang, J. et al. Mitochondrial genome of the harmful algal bloom species Odontella regia (Mediophyceae, Bacillariophyta). J Appl Phycol 33, 855–868 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-020-02364-1

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