Abstract
Appreciating autistic neurodiversity is important when supporting autistic people who experience distress. Specifically, use of a profiling model can reveal less visible autistic differences, including strengths and abilities. Binary logistic regressions showed that the likelihood of extreme distress responses could be interpreted based on parent-reported autistic thinking pattern profiles for 140 young people. Perspective-taking (specifically empathy), extreme demand avoidance, and over-sensory sensitivity each contributed to the combined regression models. From the clinical perspective of autism as a multi-dimensional and inter-connected construct, there may be implications for planning support and building positive self-understanding. Individually tailored adjustments and support strategies may be identified more easily after delineating variables found across four core aspects: sensory coherence, flexible thinking, perspective-taking, and regulation.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the families who attended the diagnostic assessment service, and to thank Dr Oliver Clark, Dissertation Supervisor, Manchester Metropolitan University; Prof Taj Nathan (Director of Research and Effectiveness), Prof Sujeet Jaydeokar and Dr Matthew Howard (Clinical Directors), Dr Ian Davidson (Consultant Psychiatrist and Royal College of Psychiatrists Autism Champion) and Dr Phil Elliott (Senior Research Facilitator), all at Cheshire and Wirral Partnership NHS Foundation Trust. The authors would also like to thank West Cheshire Clinical Commissioning Group for the £1000 bursary which was awarded. The authors would like to thank Heather Pearce (Advanced Specialist Speech and Language Therapist) for help with data collation and coding reliability, as well as invaluable feedback on the clinical utility of the model. We also thank the anonymous reviewer for their careful reading of our manuscript and their insightful and extremely constructive comments. Finally, thank you to Mr David Tollerfield for permission to use the Thinking Patterns in Autism (TPA) Profiling Model digital innovations.
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Study conception, design, data collection and analysis were performed and the first and subsequent drafts of the manuscript were written by IT. OC (Dissertation supervisor, Manchester Metropolitan University) contributed to the study design and data analysis by IT. HC contributed to subsequent drafts. All authors contributed to interpretation of the data, commented on previous versions of the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript before it was submitted for publication.
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Tollerfield, I., Chapman, H.M. & Lovell, A. Underlying Thinking Pattern Profiles Predict Parent-Reported Distress Responses in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 52, 2112–2131 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05092-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05092-8