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Pyricularia pennisetigena and Pyricularia urashimae can also cause wheat head blast

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Abstract

Pyricularia oryzae pathotype Triticum (PoT) causes wheat blast and is associated with other poaceous hosts. In addition, there are four pathogens of the genus Pyricularia found in or near wheat fields, P. oryzae patotype Lolium (PoL), P. grisea (Pg), P. pennisetigena (Pp), and P. urashimae (Pu). The pathogenicity and virulence levels of Pp and Pu on wheat heads are still unknown. The highest yield losses happen when blast pathogens infect wheat heads. In this study, 25 isolates of Pyricularia spp. were recovered from poaceous hosts invasive of commercial wheat fields previously treated with fungicides. Multilocus phylogenetic analyses (ACT-RPB1-CAL) was used for species delimitation. Nine isolates were identified as PoT, seven as Pp, three as Pg, three as PoL, and three as Pu. Isolates' ability to cause blast disease on the wheat head cv. Anahuac 75 was also evaluated. Wheat heads artificially inoculated with PoT, Pu and Pp showed higher severity values (8.84 to 17.60% of injured area) and differed significantly from Pg, which did not cause lesions on heads. Lesions caused by isolates of Pp and Pu were indistinguishable from those caused by PoT in the inoculation tests. We are reporting for the first time that Pp and Pu cause blast lesions on the head of adult wheat plants that are indistinguishable from those caused by PoT. Our findings show that multiple Pyricularia species can cause blast disease on heads of wheat adult plants under greenhouse conditions with indistinguishable symptoms.

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Data Availability

The sequencing data that supports the findings of this study are available in the GenBank/NCBI with accession numbers of DNA sequences described in Table 1 of this article while the disease severity data are available upon request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the São Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil, which supports Ceresini P.C. (Fapesp 2018 /21197-0). Dorigan A.F. was supported by a PhD fellowship from CAPES (Coordination for the improvement of higher education personnel, Brazil). FAPEMIG (Research Support Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais) supports Alves E. (Fapemig CAG-APQ01975-15). Alves E. is supported by a productivity grant from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 305482/2017-3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Adriano Francis Dorigan, Sarah da Silva Costa Guimarães, Renata Cristina Martins Pereira & Eduardo Alves

  2. Department of Crop Protection, Agricultural Engineering and Soils São Paulo State University, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil

    Samara Nunes Campos Vicentini, Suellen de Souza Moreira, Juliana Teodora Assis de Reges, Vanina Lilián Castroagudín & Paulo Cezar Ceresini

  3. Department of Plant Protection, São Paulo State University Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Matheus Mereb Negrisoli

  4. Department of Agriculture, Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS), Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA

    Vanina Lilián Castroagudín

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Dorigan, A.F., da Silva Costa Guimarães, S., Vicentini, S.N.C. et al. Pyricularia pennisetigena and Pyricularia urashimae can also cause wheat head blast. Eur J Plant Pathol 167, 157–168 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-023-02690-3

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