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School Reintegration Following Psychiatric Hospitalization: An Ecological Perspective

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Abstract

Background

School reintegration following psychiatric hospitalization can be challenging for children, their families, and school personnel. While school reintegration of children with physical illness has received considerable professional attention, our knowledge about the needs of children returning to school after psychiatric hospitalization is still limited.

Objective

This paper delineates an ecological perspective on school reintegration of children after hospitalization for mental health reasons. This perspective takes into account the multiple social systems in which children are embedded and focuses on both individual and environmental factors that may contribute to a child’s well-being or, conversely, trigger emotional and behavioral difficulties.

Methods

This is a theoretical paper based on the systematic review of empirical literature related to psychiatric hospitalization of children, post discharge adjustment, school reintegration following hospitalization, mental health stigma in children, and cross-agency collaboration.

Results

Several ecological factors that may affect school reintegration after psychiatric hospitalization were identified, including: (1) child/youth experiences with and perceptions of having a mental health condition, being hospitalized, and subsequent school reentry; (2) parental experiences and perceptions of child/youth psychiatric condition and hospitalization; (3) attitudes and reactions from members of the child/youth school ecology including teachers and peers; and (4) inter-disciplinary collaboration. The paper proposes ecologically informed guidelines to facilitate successful school reintegration and discusses the roles of the school-based mental health professionals in this process.

Conclusions

While complex and challenging, a successful reintegration may be the key step in reducing inpatient recidivism rates and improving a child’s future academic and behavioral success.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest associated with the publication of this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Graduate Psychology, James Madison University, 70 Alumnae Dr., MSC 7401, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA

    Elena Savina

  2. Orel State University, Orel, Russia

    Elena Savina

  3. University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, USA

    Joan Simon

  4. Methodist Family Health, Little Rock, AR, USA

    Mindy Lester

Authors
  1. Elena Savina
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  2. Joan Simon
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elena Savina.

Appendix: School Reintegration Plan Template

Appendix: School Reintegration Plan Template

Consider including the following people in this process (as applicable)

Teacher

Parents

Child

School administrator

School counselor

School psychologist

School nurse

School social worker

Case manager

Physician

Hospital representative

Mental health care provider

Child’s needs related to school re-integration

Needs to assess

Staff responsible

Completion date

Identified needs

Academic

   

Emotional

   

Physical

   

Interventions to support child

Areas of support

Staff responsible for interventions

Dates

Checking-in on a daily basis during first few days at school

  

Informing teacher about absence

  

Informing peers about absence

  

Interventions to promote adjustment/stress management/coping skills/social support

  

Methods to support teacher(s) and prepare peers

Areas of support and preparation

Staff responsible for supporting teacher(s) and preparing peers

Dates

Information about child’s disorder symptomology

  

Information about medication and its side effects

  

Instructional strategies/accommodations

  

Behavioral strategies/accommodations to promote inclusion

  

Educating peers about disorder

  

Identifying supportive peers and assisting in development of accepting peer relationship

  

Contact information for those involved in this reintegration plan

Person(s)

Name(s)

Phone number

Email address

Teacher(s)

   

Parent(s)

   

Child

   

School administrator

   

School counselor

   

School psychologist

   

School nurse

   

School social worker

   

Case manager

   

Physician

   

Hospital representative

   

Mental health care provider

   

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Savina, E., Simon, J. & Lester, M. School Reintegration Following Psychiatric Hospitalization: An Ecological Perspective. Child Youth Care Forum 43, 729–746 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-014-9263-0

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