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Pegfilgrastim for the management of neutropenia during neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil in esophageal cancer patients

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Abstract

Background

Neoadjuvant docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF) therapy is a new standard for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The optimal timing of pegfilgrastim with the DCF regimen to prevent febrile neutropenia (FN) remains controversial. The effectiveness of concomitant pegfilgrastim administration with continuous 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) infusion in the DCF regimen was therefore assessed.

Methods

All patients who received neoadjuvant DCF for esophageal cancer were retrospectively assessed. Patients who had been scheduled to receive pegfilgrastim on days 3–5 (early group) or days 7–9 (regular group) of the DCF regimen were included. Uni- and multivariate analyses were used to assess risk factors for FN.

Results

Eighty-eight patients were included in the analysis. The 26 patients in the early group received pegfilgrastim as scheduled. In the 62 patients of the regular group, 51 received pegfilgrastim at a median of 7 days after starting DCF chemotherapy. However, 11 patients in the regular group could not receive pegfilgrastim. Twenty-two patients of the regular group and 2 patients of the early group developed FN after the first session of DCF. Early administration of pegfilgrastim and grade 4 neutropenia were significantly associated with onset of FN, with multivariate analysis identifying early administration of pegfilgrastim as an independent preventive factor and grade 4 neutropenia as a risk factor, after adjusting for sex and age.

Conclusion

Early pegfilgrastim administration is a safe approach that reduces the incidence of FN in DCF therapy. Using pegfilgrastim with continuous 5-FU infusion in the DCF regimen represents a reasonable option to prevent FN.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-Cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan

    Takanori Yoshimoto, Tadayuki Oshima, Takashi Fukada, Nobuko Imamura, Takashi Nakanishi, Nobuhiko Ebisutani, Daisuke Morishita, Masatoshi Mieno, Keisuke Nakai, Hiroo Sei, Yoshitaka Kitayama, Hirotsugu Eda, Takuya Okugawa, Toshihiko Tomita, Hirokazu Fukui & Shinichiro Shinzaki

Authors
  1. Takanori Yoshimoto
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  2. Tadayuki Oshima
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  3. Takashi Fukada
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  4. Nobuko Imamura
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  16. Shinichiro Shinzaki
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by TY and TO. The first draft of the manuscript was written by TY and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tadayuki Oshima.

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Yoshimoto, T., Oshima, T., Fukada, T. et al. Pegfilgrastim for the management of neutropenia during neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil in esophageal cancer patients. Int J Clin Oncol 29, 142–148 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-023-02438-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-023-02438-3

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